Section 7: Home Environments - Compendium (2026)

This section presents statistics on home environments in the United States. Data are presented for people with disabilities, people without disabilities, and the relative ratio (RR) in percentage on various home environments between these two populations. A relative ratio (RR) is a measure that is used to show how much more likely something is observed between two different groups. See the full definition in the glossary.

The home environment includes factors such as housing quality, age of home, and housing type (e.g. house, apartment, mobile home, etc.). More specifically, the housing quality features presented here include: lacking a complete kitchen, lacking complete plumbing, overcrowding (two or more people living in home per bedroom), and cost burden (thirty percent or more of household income spent on housing costs). The age of home statistic indicates houses built in 1990 or after (the year the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) was signed into law). Statistics for people with disabilities (disability status or disability type) are based on having responded ‘yes’ to a series of questions within the American Community Survey.

The poor housing environment measure presented in this section identifies people who are experiencing two or more of the four possible difficulties related to housing quality descibed above. This measure is a component of the Census Bureau’s multidimensional deprivation index, which gauges poverty. It includes people who may be facing difficulties or hardships and who may not be currently income-poor. The housing quality element of deprivation captures people experiencing difficulties with physical space and security within their own home. Our estimates are based on reports on multidimensional deprivation published by researchers at the U.S. Census Bureau including Brian Glassman’s 2019 ACS Survey Report titled ‘Multidimensional Deprivation in the United States: 2017’ (Glassman, Brian, ‘Multidimensional Deprivation in the United States: 2017,’ American Community Survey Reports, ACS-40, U.S. Census Bureau, Washington, DC, 2019.).

Tables

Table 7.1: In 2024, the state with the largest percentage of civilians living in the community with disabilities in a home environment that lacks a complete kitchen was Hawaii/HI, with 2.9%. In the United States, there was a total of 227,000 civilians with disabilities in a home environment that lacks a complete kitchen, representing 1% of the civilians with disabilities living in the community. However, the percentage of civilians living in the community without disabilities in a home environment that lacks a complete kitchen was 0.5%, which corresponds to a relative ratio of 2.038 when comparing civilians with disabilites to those without. Table 7.1 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in a Home Environment that Lacks a Complete Kitchen for the United States and States: 2024

Table 7.2: In 2024, the state with the largest percentage of civilians living in the community with disabilities in a home environment that lacks complete plumbing was Alaska/AK, with 3.6%. In the United States, there was a total of 144,000 civilians with disabilities in a home environment that lacks complete plumbing, representing 0.7% of the civilians with disabilities living in the community. However, the percentage of civilians living in the community without disabilities in a home environment that lacks complete plumbing was 0.3%, which corresponds to a relative ratio of 2.083 when comparing civilians with disabilites to those without. Table 7.2 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in a Home Environment that Lacks Complete Plumbing for the United States and States: 2024

Table 7.3: In 2024, the state with the largest percentage of civilians living in the community with disabilities in an overcrowded home environment was Hawaii/HI, with 10.9%. In the United States, there was a total of 957,000 civilians with disabilities in an overcrowded home environment, representing 4.4% of the civilians with disabilities living in the community. However, the percentage of civilians living in the community without disabilities in an overcrowded home environment was 5.1%, which corresponds to a relative ratio of 0.856 when comparing civilians with disabilites to those without. Table 7.3 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in an Overcowded Home Environment for the United States and States: 2024

Table 7.4: In 2024, the state with the largest percentage of civilians living in the community with disabilities experiencing housing cost burden was California/CA, with 43.7%. In the United States, there was a total of 7,605,000 civilians with disabilities experiencing housing cost burden, representing 36.3% of the civilians with disabilities living in the community. However, the percentage of civilians living in the community without disabilities experiencing housing cost burden was 24.8%, which corresponds to a relative ratio of 1.464 when comparing civilians with disabilites to those without. Table 7.4 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community Experiencing Housing Cost Burden for the United States and States: 2024

Table 7.5: In 2024, the state with the largest percentage of civilians living in the community with disabilities experiencing poor housing quality was Hawaii/HI, with 6%. In the United States, there was a total of 451,000 civilians with disabilities experiencing poor housing quality, representing 2.2% of the civilians with disabilities living in the community. However, the percentage of civilians living in the community without disabilities experiencing poor housing quality was 1.9%, which corresponds to a relative ratio of 1.129 when comparing civilians with disabilites to those without. Table 7.5 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community Experiencing a Poor Housing Environment for the United States and States: 2024

Table 7.6: In 2024, the state with the largest percentage of civilians living in the community with disabilities in a home built in 1990 or later was Nevada/NV, with 58.2%. In the United States, there was a total of 7,929,000 civilians with disabilities in a home built in 1990 or later, representing 36.4% of the civilians with disabilities living in the community. However, the percentage of civilians living in the community without disabilities in a home built in 1990 or later was 42.5%, which corresponds to a relative ratio of 0.856 when comparing civilians with disabilites to those without. Table 7.6 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in Housing Built in 1990 or Later for the United States and States: 2024

Table 7.7: In 2024, the state with the largest percentage of civilians living in the community with disabilities in a house (not apartments or mobile homes) was Indiana/IN, with 74.2%. In the United States, there was a total of 14,265,000 civilians with disabilities in a house (not apartments or mobile homes), representing 65.5% of the civilians with disabilities living in the community. However, the percentage of civilians living in the community without disabilities in a house (not apartments or mobile homes) was 72.9%, which corresponds to a relative ratio of 0.899 when comparing civilians with disabilites to those without. Table 7.7 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in Houses for the United States and States: 2024

Table 7.8: In 2024, the state with the largest percentage of civilians living in the community with disabilities in an apartment (not houses or mobile homes) was New York/NY, with 54.3%. In the United States, there was a total of 5,723,000 civilians with disabilities in an apartment (not houses or mobile homes), representing 26.3% of the civilians with disabilities living in the community. However, the percentage of civilians living in the community without disabilities in an apartment (not houses or mobile homes) was 22.6%, which corresponds to a relative ratio of 1.165 when comparing civilians with disabilites to those without. Table 7.8 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in Apartments for the United States and States: 2024

Table 7.9: In 2024, the state with the largest percentage of civilians living in the community with disabilities in a mobile home (not houses or apartments) was New Mexico/NM, with 21.1%. In the United States, there was a total of 1,792,000 civilians with disabilities in a mobile home (not houses or apartments), representing 8.2% of the civilians with disabilities living in the community. However, the percentage of civilians living in the community without disabilities in a mobile home (not houses or apartments) was 4.6%, which corresponds to a relative ratio of 1.795 when comparing civilians with disabilites to those without. Table 7.9 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in Mobile Homes or Other Building Types for the United States and States: 2024

Table 7.1 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in a Home Environment that Lacks a Complete Kitchen for the United States and States: 2024

Table 7.1 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in a Home Environment that Lacks a Complete Kitchen for the United States and States: 2024
State
Dis.
No Dis.
In a Home Environment that Lacks a Complete Kitchen - Dis.
In a Home Environment that Lacks a Complete Kitchen - No Dis.
Relative Ratio
# ME# # ME# # ME# % ME% # ME# % ME%
U.S. 22,566,000 143,000 180,103,000 157,000 227,000 14,000 1.0 0.1 906,000 32,000 0.5 0.0 2.038
Alabama 422,000 17,000 2,594,000 17,000 6,000 3,000 1.3 0.6 12,000 3,000 0.5 0.1 2.862
Alaska 55,000 8,000 368,000 8,000 1,000 500 1.8 1.1 6,000 2,000 1.8 0.5 1.018
Arizona 502,000 20,000 3,919,000 19,000 6,000 2,000 1.2 0.4 23,000 6,000 0.6 0.2 2.007
Arkansas 276,000 15,000 1,515,000 16,000 4,000 2,000 1.5 0.8 10,000 4,000 0.7 0.2 2.276
California 2,219,000 38,000 21,953,000 40,000 33,000 6,000 1.6 0.3 159,000 14,000 0.7 0.1 2.139
Colorado 363,000 16,000 3,332,000 17,000 1,000 1,000 0.4 0.3 16,000 4,000 0.5 0.1 0.888
Connecticut 199,000 11,000 2,012,000 12,000 2,000 1,000 1.2 0.7 10,000 4,000 0.5 0.2 2.381
Delaware 66,000 7,000 535,000 7,000 500 690 0.8 1.5 800 1,200 0.2 0.2 5.171
District of Columbia 51,000 8,000 423,000 8,000 0 0 0.0 * 500 500 0.1 0.2 0.000
Florida 1,367,000 37,000 12,194,000 37,000 12,000 3,000 0.9 0.2 62,000 11,000 0.5 0.1 1.762
Georgia 738,000 25,000 5,994,000 28,000 6,000 2,000 0.9 0.3 23,000 6,000 0.4 0.1 2.228
Hawaii 68,000 6,000 720,000 8,000 2,000 1,200 2.9 1.8 8,000 3,000 1.1 0.5 2.555
Idaho 152,000 9,000 1,008,000 10,000 700 1,300 0.5 0.8 4,000 2,000 0.4 0.2 1.165
Illinois 754,000 23,000 6,891,000 26,000 7,000 3,000 1.0 0.3 27,000 6,000 0.4 0.1 2.429
Indiana 541,000 17,000 3,532,000 18,000 7,000 3,000 1.3 0.5 14,000 3,000 0.4 0.1 3.130
Iowa 205,000 13,000 1,680,000 13,000 1,000 2,000 0.7 0.9 5,000 2,000 0.3 0.1 2.610
Kansas 200,000 14,000 1,510,000 15,000 2,000 1,500 0.9 0.6 6,000 3,000 0.4 0.2 2.073
Kentucky 443,000 16,000 2,242,000 16,000 5,000 2,000 1.2 0.5 13,000 4,000 0.6 0.2 2.023
Louisiana 382,000 17,000 2,266,000 17,000 4,000 2,000 1.0 0.5 10,000 4,000 0.5 0.2 2.244
Maine 115,000 10,000 708,000 10,000 2,000 1,700 1.4 1.3 2,000 1,400 0.3 0.2 5.481
Maryland 374,000 14,000 3,355,000 17,000 2,000 1,100 0.6 0.4 10,000 3,000 0.3 0.1 2.054
Massachusetts 446,000 14,000 3,975,000 16,000 2,000 1,100 0.5 0.2 17,000 5,000 0.4 0.2 1.038
Michigan 732,000 23,000 5,258,000 25,000 6,000 3,000 0.9 0.4 24,000 6,000 0.5 0.1 1.961
Minnesota 349,000 17,000 3,085,000 20,000 2,000 2,000 0.7 0.5 9,000 4,000 0.3 0.2 2.424
Mississippi 275,000 13,000 1,424,000 14,000 2,000 2,000 0.7 0.8 6,000 3,000 0.4 0.2 1.825
Missouri 492,000 19,000 3,159,000 20,000 5,000 2,000 1.1 0.4 18,000 5,000 0.6 0.2 1.987
Montana 79,000 8,000 577,000 9,000 1,000 1,000 1.6 1.7 4,000 2,000 0.6 0.4 2.596
Nebraska 117,000 9,000 1,044,000 10,000 2,000 1,500 1.4 1.2 6,000 4,000 0.6 0.4 2.396
Nevada 245,000 12,000 1,726,000 11,000 1,000 1,000 0.5 0.3 4,000 2,000 0.2 0.1 2.157
New Hampshire 105,000 9,000 748,000 10,000 1,000 1,000 1.2 1.0 2,000 1,300 0.3 0.2 4.150
New Jersey 463,000 18,000 5,237,000 19,000 2,000 1,000 0.5 0.2 26,000 5,000 0.5 0.1 0.968
New Mexico 180,000 11,000 1,046,000 11,000 4,000 2,000 2.0 1.1 9,000 5,000 0.9 0.5 2.264
New York 1,252,000 28,000 10,785,000 31,000 16,000 3,000 1.4 0.3 65,000 10,000 0.6 0.1 2.240
North Carolina 760,000 28,000 5,802,000 29,000 7,000 3,000 0.9 0.4 20,000 7,000 0.4 0.1 2.487
North Dakota 48,000 6,000 420,000 7,000 40 70 0.1 0.2 2,000 3,000 0.6 0.9 0.172
Ohio 868,000 26,000 6,088,000 27,000 8,000 3,000 0.9 0.4 37,000 9,000 0.6 0.2 1.477
Oklahoma 367,000 14,000 2,020,000 16,000 5,000 2,000 1.5 0.4 11,000 4,000 0.5 0.2 2.737
Oregon 339,000 14,000 2,233,000 15,000 3,000 2,000 0.9 0.7 10,000 4,000 0.4 0.2 2.145
Pennsylvania 901,000 30,000 6,790,000 31,000 6,000 2,000 0.7 0.3 35,000 8,000 0.5 0.2 1.313
Rhode Island 71,000 7,000 609,000 8,000 600 530 0.9 0.9 3,000 2,200 0.5 0.4 1.753
South Carolina 395,000 17,000 2,779,000 17,000 3,000 2,000 0.8 0.5 9,000 4,000 0.3 0.2 2.454
South Dakota 59,000 7,000 463,000 7,000 800 1,200 1.5 1.8 900 1,100 0.2 0.3 7.047
Tennessee 537,000 17,000 3,778,000 17,000 6,000 2,000 1.1 0.4 16,000 5,000 0.4 0.2 2.469
Texas 2,029,000 34,000 16,861,000 38,000 21,000 4,000 1.1 0.2 92,000 13,000 0.5 0.1 1.929
Utah 205,000 11,000 1,913,000 12,000 1,000 1,000 0.5 0.4 7,000 3,000 0.4 0.2 1.333
Vermont 46,000 6,000 340,000 7,000 500 420 1.1 1.1 300 330 0.1 0.1 *
Virginia 551,000 21,000 4,640,000 24,000 3,000 2,000 0.5 0.3 15,000 5,000 0.3 0.2 1.505
Washington 566,000 21,000 4,272,000 21,000 8,000 3,000 1.4 0.6 20,000 6,000 0.5 0.1 2.950
West Virginia 173,000 10,000 839,000 10,000 2,000 1,000 1.3 0.6 3,000 2,000 0.4 0.2 3.090
Wisconsin 384,000 18,000 3,137,000 19,000 3,000 1,000 0.8 0.4 13,000 3,000 0.4 0.1 1.980
Wyoming 36,000 4,000 303,000 6,000 600 630 1.6 1.9 1,000 1,000 0.4 0.4 3.781
Puerto Rico 312,000 15,000 1,606,000 15,000 3,000 2,000 0.9 0.6 10,000 4,000 0.6 0.2 1.521
Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample (2024), are subject to sampling variability. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. The relative ratio is the ratio of the percentage of people with disability in a home environment that lacks a complete kitchen over the percentage of people without disability in a home environment that lacks a complete kitchen. Therefore, a relative ratio further from 1.000 indicates a greater disparity in a home environment that lacks a complete kitchen percentage.
*Estimate either unavailable or too few sample observations.
Citation: Thomas, N., Kingsbury, S., Lansing J., & Houtenville, A. (2026). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2026 (Table 7.1). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.

Table 7.2 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in a Home Environment that Lacks Complete Plumbing for the United States and States: 2024

Table 7.2 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in a Home Environment that Lacks Complete Plumbing for the United States and States: 2024
State
Dis.
No Dis.
In a Home Environment that Lacks Complete Plumbing - Dis.
In a Home Environment that Lacks Complete Plumbing - No Dis.
Relative Ratio
# ME# # ME# # ME# % ME% # ME# % ME%
U.S. 22,566,000 143,000 180,103,000 157,000 144,000 13,000 0.7 0.1 562,000 30,000 0.3 * 2.083
Alabama 422,000 17,000 2,594,000 17,000 3,000 1,000 0.7 0.3 7,000 3,000 0.3 0.1 2.585
Alaska 55,000 8,000 368,000 8,000 2,000 1,000 3.6 1.5 9,000 2,000 2.6 0.6 1.388
Arizona 502,000 20,000 3,919,000 19,000 6,000 2,000 1.2 0.5 20,000 5,000 0.5 0.1 2.260
Arkansas 276,000 15,000 1,515,000 16,000 5,000 3,000 2.0 0.9 5,000 3,000 0.4 0.2 5.749
California 2,219,000 38,000 21,953,000 40,000 14,000 3,000 0.7 0.2 73,000 12,000 0.3 0.1 1.998
Colorado 363,000 16,000 3,332,000 17,000 2,000 1,500 0.4 0.4 9,000 3,000 0.3 0.1 1.578
Connecticut 199,000 11,000 2,012,000 12,000 500 500 0.3 0.3 5,000 4,000 0.3 0.2 1.025
Delaware 66,000 7,000 535,000 7,000 200 260 0.3 0.4 900 1,190 0.2 0.3 1.519
District of Columbia 51,000 8,000 423,000 8,000 * * * * 400 550 0.1 0.2 *
Florida 1,367,000 37,000 12,194,000 37,000 6,000 3,000 0.5 0.2 35,000 8,000 0.3 0.1 1.559
Georgia 738,000 25,000 5,994,000 28,000 4,000 2,000 0.6 0.2 14,000 5,000 0.2 0.1 2.499
Hawaii 68,000 6,000 720,000 8,000 1,000 2,000 2.3 2.0 2,000 1,300 0.3 0.2 8.123
Idaho 152,000 9,000 1,008,000 10,000 400 500 0.3 0.4 3,000 2,000 0.3 0.1 1.037
Illinois 754,000 23,000 6,891,000 26,000 3,000 2,000 0.4 0.3 23,000 7,000 0.3 0.2 1.220
Indiana 541,000 17,000 3,532,000 18,000 3,000 2,000 0.6 0.4 9,000 4,000 0.3 0.1 2.158
Iowa 205,000 13,000 1,680,000 13,000 1,000 2,000 0.7 0.9 3,000 2,000 0.2 0.1 4.311
Kansas 200,000 14,000 1,510,000 15,000 800 700 0.4 0.4 4,000 3,000 0.3 0.2 1.614
Kentucky 443,000 16,000 2,242,000 16,000 4,000 2,000 0.9 0.4 9,000 3,000 0.4 0.1 2.255
Louisiana 382,000 17,000 2,266,000 17,000 3,000 2,000 0.7 0.4 8,000 3,000 0.3 0.2 2.010
Maine 115,000 10,000 708,000 10,000 1,000 1,000 1.3 1.0 3,000 1,000 0.4 0.2 3.022
Maryland 374,000 14,000 3,355,000 17,000 2,000 1,700 0.4 0.4 6,000 2,000 0.2 0.1 2.282
Massachusetts 446,000 14,000 3,975,000 16,000 1,000 1,000 0.3 0.2 9,000 3,000 0.2 0.1 1.296
Michigan 732,000 23,000 5,258,000 25,000 3,000 2,000 0.4 0.2 12,000 4,000 0.2 0.1 1.744
Minnesota 349,000 17,000 3,085,000 20,000 2,000 1,100 0.7 0.4 8,000 4,000 0.3 0.1 2.720
Mississippi 275,000 13,000 1,424,000 14,000 2,000 1,600 0.7 0.5 5,000 2,000 0.3 0.2 1.926
Missouri 492,000 19,000 3,159,000 20,000 3,000 2,000 0.6 0.3 11,000 5,000 0.4 0.2 1.680
Montana 79,000 8,000 577,000 9,000 2,000 1,940 2.0 2.3 2,000 1,400 0.3 0.2 6.692
Nebraska 117,000 9,000 1,044,000 10,000 600 680 0.6 0.8 3,000 2,000 0.3 0.2 1.748
Nevada 245,000 12,000 1,726,000 11,000 700 500 0.3 0.2 4,000 3,000 0.2 0.2 1.341
New Hampshire 105,000 9,000 748,000 10,000 200 400 0.2 0.5 2,000 1,600 0.3 0.2 0.856
New Jersey 463,000 18,000 5,237,000 19,000 1,000 1,000 0.3 0.2 15,000 4,000 0.3 0.1 0.925
New Mexico 180,000 11,000 1,046,000 11,000 5,000 2,000 2.8 1.4 9,000 3,000 0.9 0.3 3.230
New York 1,252,000 28,000 10,785,000 31,000 8,000 3,000 0.7 0.2 37,000 6,000 0.4 0.1 1.894
North Carolina 760,000 28,000 5,802,000 29,000 4,000 2,000 0.5 0.4 14,000 5,000 0.2 0.1 2.106
North Dakota 48,000 6,000 420,000 7,000 200 410 0.5 1.2 900 1,100 0.2 0.3 2.168
Ohio 868,000 26,000 6,088,000 27,000 4,000 2,000 0.4 0.3 21,000 8,000 0.4 0.2 1.217
Oklahoma 367,000 14,000 2,020,000 16,000 5,000 2,000 1.3 0.5 8,000 3,000 0.4 0.2 3.039
Oregon 339,000 14,000 2,233,000 15,000 3,000 2,000 0.8 0.6 6,000 3,000 0.3 0.1 3.227
Pennsylvania 901,000 30,000 6,790,000 31,000 4,000 2,000 0.4 0.3 23,000 7,000 0.4 0.1 1.228
Rhode Island 71,000 7,000 609,000 8,000 100 300 0.2 0.5 700 660 0.1 0.2 1.567
South Carolina 395,000 17,000 2,779,000 17,000 2,000 1,800 0.4 0.5 6,000 2,000 0.2 0.1 1.931
South Dakota 59,000 7,000 463,000 7,000 400 680 0.8 1.6 1,000 2,000 0.3 0.4 2.351
Tennessee 537,000 17,000 3,778,000 17,000 4,000 2,000 0.7 0.4 11,000 3,000 0.3 0.1 2.415
Texas 2,029,000 34,000 16,861,000 38,000 19,000 4,000 1.0 0.2 62,000 9,000 0.4 0.1 2.589
Utah 205,000 11,000 1,913,000 12,000 1,000 1,000 0.5 0.4 5,000 4,000 0.3 0.2 1.824
Vermont 46,000 6,000 340,000 7,000 300 330 0.7 1.1 1,000 1,000 0.3 0.4 2.190
Virginia 551,000 21,000 4,640,000 24,000 1,000 1,000 0.2 0.2 11,000 4,000 0.2 0.1 1.036
Washington 566,000 21,000 4,272,000 21,000 4,000 2,000 0.7 0.4 13,000 5,000 0.3 0.1 2.354
West Virginia 173,000 10,000 839,000 10,000 1,000 1,000 0.6 0.5 3,000 2,000 0.3 0.2 1.968
Wisconsin 384,000 18,000 3,137,000 19,000 2,000 1,200 0.6 0.4 9,000 3,000 0.3 0.1 2.015
Wyoming 36,000 4,000 303,000 6,000 200 250 0.5 0.9 900 1,100 0.3 0.3 1.733
Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample (2024), are subject to sampling variability. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. The relative ratio is the ratio of the percentage of people with disability in a home environment that lacks complete plumbing over the percentage of people without disability in a home environment that lacks complete plumbing. Therefore, a relative ratio further from 1.000 indicates a greater disparity in a home environment that lacks complete plumbing percentage.
*Estimate either unavailable or too few sample observations.
Citation: Thomas, N., Kingsbury, S., Lansing J., & Houtenville, A. (2026). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2026 (Table 7.2). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.

Table 7.3 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in an Overcowded Home Environment for the United States and States: 2024

Table 7.3 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in an Overcowded Home Environment for the United States and States: 2024
State
Dis.
No Dis.
In an Overcowded Home Environment - Dis.
In an Overcowded Home Environment - No Dis.
Relative Ratio
# ME# # ME# # ME# % ME% # ME# % ME%
U.S. 22,566,000 143,000 180,103,000 157,000 957,000 30,000 4.4 0.1 9,082,000 124,000 5.1 0.1 0.856
Alabama 422,000 17,000 2,594,000 17,000 10,000 3,000 2.5 0.8 59,000 10,000 2.3 0.5 1.058
Alaska 55,000 8,000 368,000 8,000 3,000 2,000 5.9 3.3 19,000 5,000 5.4 1.5 1.094
Arizona 502,000 20,000 3,919,000 19,000 24,000 5,000 4.9 0.9 209,000 19,000 5.4 0.5 0.905
Arkansas 276,000 15,000 1,515,000 16,000 10,000 4,000 3.6 1.3 60,000 9,000 4.0 0.6 0.895
California 2,219,000 38,000 21,953,000 40,000 207,000 15,000 9.8 0.7 2,409,000 49,000 11.2 0.3 0.881
Colorado 363,000 16,000 3,332,000 17,000 8,000 3,000 2.2 0.7 98,000 15,000 3.0 0.5 0.723
Connecticut 199,000 11,000 2,012,000 12,000 8,000 3,000 4.3 1.9 83,000 11,000 4.2 0.6 1.029
Delaware 66,000 7,000 535,000 7,000 2,000 2,000 3.7 2.6 19,000 8,000 3.6 1.7 1.024
District of Columbia 51,000 8,000 423,000 8,000 2,000 1,600 4.1 3.7 26,000 8,000 6.6 1.9 0.620
Florida 1,367,000 37,000 12,194,000 37,000 50,000 7,000 3.7 0.5 600,000 39,000 5.0 0.3 0.747
Georgia 738,000 25,000 5,994,000 28,000 28,000 6,000 3.9 0.8 215,000 18,000 3.6 0.3 1.060
Hawaii 68,000 6,000 720,000 8,000 7,000 2,000 10.9 3.7 95,000 15,000 13.4 2.1 0.815
Idaho 152,000 9,000 1,008,000 10,000 3,000 2,000 2.2 1.0 35,000 7,000 3.5 0.8 0.616
Illinois 754,000 23,000 6,891,000 26,000 34,000 6,000 4.7 0.8 315,000 24,000 4.6 0.4 1.012
Indiana 541,000 17,000 3,532,000 18,000 15,000 4,000 2.8 0.7 104,000 15,000 3.0 0.4 0.937
Iowa 205,000 13,000 1,680,000 13,000 5,000 2,000 2.5 1.0 36,000 7,000 2.2 0.4 1.134
Kansas 200,000 14,000 1,510,000 15,000 7,000 3,000 3.9 1.7 56,000 11,000 3.8 0.7 1.038
Kentucky 443,000 16,000 2,242,000 16,000 14,000 4,000 3.3 0.8 72,000 10,000 3.2 0.5 1.007
Louisiana 382,000 17,000 2,266,000 17,000 11,000 4,000 2.9 1.1 69,000 11,000 3.1 0.5 0.938
Maine 115,000 10,000 708,000 10,000 2,000 1,200 1.8 1.2 11,000 3,000 1.6 0.5 1.118
Maryland 374,000 14,000 3,355,000 17,000 14,000 4,000 3.9 1.1 138,000 18,000 4.2 0.5 0.929
Massachusetts 446,000 14,000 3,975,000 16,000 14,000 4,000 3.4 1.0 149,000 18,000 3.9 0.5 0.865
Michigan 732,000 23,000 5,258,000 25,000 22,000 5,000 3.1 0.7 166,000 21,000 3.2 0.4 0.972
Minnesota 349,000 17,000 3,085,000 20,000 9,000 4,000 2.8 1.3 112,000 14,000 3.7 0.5 0.766
Mississippi 275,000 13,000 1,424,000 14,000 8,000 4,000 3.1 1.4 37,000 8,000 2.7 0.5 1.161
Missouri 492,000 19,000 3,159,000 20,000 15,000 4,000 3.2 0.8 80,000 14,000 2.6 0.4 1.231
Montana 79,000 8,000 577,000 9,000 3,000 2,000 3.5 1.9 17,000 6,000 3.0 1.2 1.159
Nebraska 117,000 9,000 1,044,000 10,000 2,000 2,000 2.1 1.5 32,000 8,000 3.2 0.7 0.675
Nevada 245,000 12,000 1,726,000 11,000 14,000 3,000 5.7 1.5 80,000 12,000 4.7 0.7 1.226
New Hampshire 105,000 9,000 748,000 10,000 2,000 1,500 1.8 1.5 13,000 6,000 1.7 0.8 1.045
New Jersey 463,000 18,000 5,237,000 19,000 22,000 5,000 4.9 1.1 348,000 22,000 6.7 0.5 0.722
New Mexico 180,000 11,000 1,046,000 11,000 11,000 4,000 6.1 2.2 65,000 13,000 6.3 1.2 0.980
New York 1,252,000 28,000 10,785,000 31,000 82,000 11,000 7.1 0.9 892,000 40,000 8.5 0.4 0.837
North Carolina 760,000 28,000 5,802,000 29,000 21,000 5,000 2.9 0.6 145,000 17,000 2.6 0.3 1.116
North Dakota 48,000 6,000 420,000 7,000 700 710 1.5 2.0 8,000 5,000 2.1 1.4 0.732
Ohio 868,000 26,000 6,088,000 27,000 22,000 4,000 2.6 0.4 145,000 17,000 2.4 0.3 1.060
Oklahoma 367,000 14,000 2,020,000 16,000 10,000 3,000 2.9 0.9 89,000 14,000 4.5 0.7 0.635
Oregon 339,000 14,000 2,233,000 15,000 10,000 3,000 3.1 1.0 85,000 12,000 3.9 0.6 0.813
Pennsylvania 901,000 30,000 6,790,000 31,000 29,000 7,000 3.4 0.8 182,000 21,000 2.8 0.3 1.211
Rhode Island 71,000 7,000 609,000 8,000 2,000 2,000 3.8 3.0 23,000 8,000 4.0 1.3 0.939
South Carolina 395,000 17,000 2,779,000 17,000 12,000 4,000 3.2 0.9 73,000 11,000 2.7 0.4 1.208
South Dakota 59,000 7,000 463,000 7,000 2,000 2,000 3.4 3.2 11,000 3,000 2.4 0.7 1.458
Tennessee 537,000 17,000 3,778,000 17,000 14,000 3,000 2.7 0.6 117,000 12,000 3.1 0.3 0.859
Texas 2,029,000 34,000 16,861,000 38,000 107,000 11,000 5.4 0.5 978,000 40,000 5.9 0.3 0.917
Utah 205,000 11,000 1,913,000 12,000 5,000 3,000 2.7 1.4 60,000 11,000 3.2 0.6 0.829
Vermont 46,000 6,000 340,000 7,000 300 400 0.8 0.9 6,000 3,000 1.7 1.0 0.480
Virginia 551,000 21,000 4,640,000 24,000 10,000 4,000 1.9 0.7 154,000 17,000 3.4 0.4 0.573
Washington 566,000 21,000 4,272,000 21,000 25,000 5,000 4.6 0.9 181,000 18,000 4.3 0.4 1.067
West Virginia 173,000 10,000 839,000 10,000 5,000 3,000 3.1 1.4 22,000 5,000 2.6 0.6 1.169
Wisconsin 384,000 18,000 3,137,000 19,000 11,000 4,000 2.9 1.1 79,000 13,000 2.6 0.4 1.150
Wyoming 36,000 4,000 303,000 6,000 200 210 0.4 0.6 5,000 2,000 1.6 0.8 0.284
Puerto Rico 312,000 15,000 1,606,000 15,000 3,000 2,000 0.9 0.6 22,000 7,000 1.3 0.5 0.669
Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample (2024), are subject to sampling variability. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. The relative ratio is the ratio of the percentage of people with disability in an overcrowded home environment over the percentage of people without disability in an overcrowded home environment. Therefore, a relative ratio further from 1.000 indicates a greater disparity in overcrowded home environment percentage. When the relative ratio is less than one it means that people with disabilities are less likely to live in an overcrowded home environment.
*Estimate either unavailable or too few sample observations.
Citation: Thomas, N., Kingsbury, S., Lansing J., & Houtenville, A. (2026). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2026 (Table 7.3). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.

Table 7.4 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community Experiencing Housing Cost Burden for the United States and States: 2024

Table 7.4 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community Experiencing Housing Cost Burden for the United States and States: 2024
State
Dis.
No Dis.
Experiencing Housing Cost Burden - Dis.
Experiencing Housing Cost Burden - No Dis.
Relative Ratio
# ME# # ME# # ME# % ME% # ME# % ME%
U.S. 22,566,000 143,000 180,103,000 157,000 7,605,000 83,000 36.3 0.3 42,978,000 219,000 24.8 0.1 1.464
Alabama 422,000 17,000 2,594,000 17,000 116,000 9,000 29.6 2.1 473,000 22,000 19.4 0.9 1.528
Alaska 55,000 8,000 368,000 8,000 17,000 5,000 33.6 8.0 71,000 8,000 20.4 2.3 1.643
Arizona 502,000 20,000 3,919,000 19,000 155,000 13,000 33.2 2.3 950,000 35,000 25.1 0.9 1.327
Arkansas 276,000 15,000 1,515,000 16,000 86,000 9,000 34.2 2.6 269,000 16,000 18.7 1.2 1.825
California 2,219,000 38,000 21,953,000 40,000 893,000 29,000 43.7 1.1 7,119,000 89,000 33.6 0.4 1.303
Colorado 363,000 16,000 3,332,000 17,000 136,000 10,000 40.0 2.2 855,000 30,000 26.4 0.9 1.519
Connecticut 199,000 11,000 2,012,000 12,000 75,000 8,000 43.2 3.3 485,000 19,000 25.2 1.0 1.715
Delaware 66,000 7,000 535,000 7,000 24,000 5,000 38.3 6.0 106,000 13,000 20.6 2.4 1.862
District of Columbia 51,000 8,000 423,000 8,000 22,000 6,000 50.2 8.4 110,000 10,000 28.2 2.3 1.778
Florida 1,367,000 37,000 12,194,000 37,000 514,000 21,000 39.9 1.4 3,834,000 68,000 32.5 0.6 1.230
Georgia 738,000 25,000 5,994,000 28,000 236,000 16,000 34.3 1.9 1,415,000 39,000 24.5 0.7 1.399
Hawaii 68,000 6,000 720,000 8,000 24,000 4,000 41.9 4.9 199,000 15,000 28.7 2.2 1.456
Idaho 152,000 9,000 1,008,000 10,000 49,000 8,000 33.3 4.1 205,000 14,000 21.2 1.4 1.570
Illinois 754,000 23,000 6,891,000 26,000 241,000 15,000 34.6 1.6 1,503,000 43,000 22.5 0.6 1.537
Indiana 541,000 17,000 3,532,000 18,000 160,000 11,000 31.0 1.9 614,000 25,000 18.1 0.8 1.718
Iowa 205,000 13,000 1,680,000 13,000 62,000 9,000 32.6 3.3 278,000 18,000 17.4 1.1 1.869
Kansas 200,000 14,000 1,510,000 15,000 54,000 8,000 29.1 3.4 255,000 17,000 17.6 1.2 1.657
Kentucky 443,000 16,000 2,242,000 16,000 120,000 10,000 29.3 1.9 384,000 16,000 18.0 0.7 1.627
Louisiana 382,000 17,000 2,266,000 17,000 122,000 11,000 35.1 2.5 504,000 20,000 23.4 0.9 1.497
Maine 115,000 10,000 708,000 10,000 40,000 7,000 37.5 4.9 129,000 12,000 19.1 1.6 1.968
Maryland 374,000 14,000 3,355,000 17,000 127,000 11,000 36.5 2.5 752,000 30,000 23.1 0.9 1.585
Massachusetts 446,000 14,000 3,975,000 16,000 171,000 10,000 42.7 2.2 972,000 30,000 25.9 0.8 1.649
Michigan 732,000 23,000 5,258,000 25,000 232,000 15,000 33.9 1.7 957,000 29,000 18.9 0.6 1.798
Minnesota 349,000 17,000 3,085,000 20,000 109,000 12,000 34.6 2.8 551,000 24,000 18.4 0.8 1.882
Mississippi 275,000 13,000 1,424,000 14,000 77,000 8,000 30.6 2.5 271,000 15,000 20.3 1.2 1.506
Missouri 492,000 19,000 3,159,000 20,000 150,000 12,000 32.6 1.9 540,000 22,000 17.7 0.7 1.837
Montana 79,000 8,000 577,000 9,000 27,000 5,000 36.8 6.2 123,000 11,000 22.5 2.0 1.635
Nebraska 117,000 9,000 1,044,000 10,000 38,000 6,000 34.2 4.6 204,000 15,000 20.3 1.5 1.687
Nevada 245,000 12,000 1,726,000 11,000 96,000 9,000 40.4 2.7 491,000 22,000 29.1 1.3 1.390
New Hampshire 105,000 9,000 748,000 10,000 36,000 6,000 36.6 4.2 135,000 13,000 18.8 1.7 1.944
New Jersey 463,000 18,000 5,237,000 19,000 185,000 13,000 42.1 2.3 1,376,000 41,000 27.0 0.8 1.559
New Mexico 180,000 11,000 1,046,000 11,000 47,000 6,000 28.0 3.2 201,000 16,000 19.9 1.5 1.411
New York 1,252,000 28,000 10,785,000 31,000 485,000 22,000 43.7 1.6 2,976,000 51,000 29.1 0.5 1.502
North Carolina 760,000 28,000 5,802,000 29,000 238,000 16,000 33.5 1.6 1,231,000 33,000 22.1 0.6 1.513
North Dakota 48,000 6,000 420,000 7,000 15,000 4,000 35.6 7.3 64,000 9,000 16.1 2.3 2.210
Ohio 868,000 26,000 6,088,000 27,000 279,000 14,000 34.7 1.3 1,092,000 31,000 18.6 0.5 1.868
Oklahoma 367,000 14,000 2,020,000 16,000 98,000 8,000 28.5 2.1 399,000 23,000 20.8 1.2 1.371
Oregon 339,000 14,000 2,233,000 15,000 128,000 8,000 41.2 2.1 556,000 22,000 25.7 1.0 1.601
Pennsylvania 901,000 30,000 6,790,000 31,000 277,000 17,000 33.2 1.7 1,247,000 43,000 19.3 0.7 1.719
Rhode Island 71,000 7,000 609,000 8,000 25,000 6,000 39.2 5.4 154,000 13,000 26.9 2.2 1.459
South Carolina 395,000 17,000 2,779,000 17,000 112,000 8,000 30.7 2.0 554,000 18,000 20.9 0.7 1.467
South Dakota 59,000 7,000 463,000 7,000 17,000 4,000 30.5 6.7 82,000 11,000 18.7 2.4 1.634
Tennessee 537,000 17,000 3,778,000 17,000 162,000 11,000 32.3 1.7 777,000 29,000 21.4 0.8 1.511
Texas 2,029,000 34,000 16,861,000 38,000 705,000 21,000 36.7 1.0 4,287,000 62,000 26.2 0.4 1.399
Utah 205,000 11,000 1,913,000 12,000 56,000 7,000 29.2 2.8 418,000 23,000 22.4 1.2 1.303
Vermont 46,000 6,000 340,000 7,000 17,000 4,000 41.6 6.8 59,000 7,000 18.4 2.3 2.257
Virginia 551,000 21,000 4,640,000 24,000 170,000 12,000 32.8 1.9 1,005,000 29,000 22.5 0.6 1.456
Washington 566,000 21,000 4,272,000 21,000 212,000 14,000 39.7 2.0 1,020,000 31,000 24.6 0.7 1.614
West Virginia 173,000 10,000 839,000 10,000 46,000 7,000 28.1 3.5 118,000 11,000 14.9 1.5 1.883
Wisconsin 384,000 18,000 3,137,000 19,000 111,000 10,000 30.7 2.3 542,000 27,000 17.9 0.9 1.719
Wyoming 36,000 4,000 303,000 6,000 10,000 2,000 28.9 5.9 64,000 8,000 22.3 2.8 1.296
Puerto Rico 312,000 15,000 1,606,000 15,000 66,000 8,000 25.3 2.5 251,000 15,000 18.0 1.0 1.411
Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample (2024), are subject to sampling variability. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. The relative ratio is the ratio of the percentage of people with disability experiencing housing cost burden over the percentage of people without disability experiencing housing cost burden. Therefore, a relative ratio further from 1.000 indicates a greater disparity in housing cost burden percentage.
*Estimate either unavailable or too few sample observations.
Citation: Thomas, N., Kingsbury, S., Lansing J., & Houtenville, A. (2026). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2026 (Table 7.4). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.

Table 7.5 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community Experiencing a Poor Housing Environment for the United States and States: 2024

Table 7.5 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community Experiencing a Poor Housing Environment for the United States and States: 2024
State
Dis.
No Dis.
Experiencing a Poor Housing Environment - Dis.
Experiencing a Poor Housing Environment - No Dis.
Relative Ratio
# ME# # ME# # ME# % ME% # ME# % ME%
U.S. 22,566,000 143,000 180,103,000 157,000 451,000 19,000 2.2 0.1 3,304,000 82,000 1.9 0.1 1.129
Alabama 422,000 17,000 2,594,000 17,000 7,000 2,000 1.8 0.6 23,000 6,000 0.9 0.3 1.903
Alaska 55,000 8,000 368,000 8,000 2,000 1,100 3.3 1.7 11,000 4,000 3.3 1.2 1.003
Arizona 502,000 20,000 3,919,000 19,000 11,000 4,000 2.4 0.8 73,000 11,000 1.9 0.3 1.252
Arkansas 276,000 15,000 1,515,000 16,000 6,000 3,000 2.5 1.2 20,000 5,000 1.4 0.4 1.759
California 2,219,000 38,000 21,953,000 40,000 101,000 9,000 5.0 0.4 953,000 44,000 4.5 0.2 1.105
Colorado 363,000 16,000 3,332,000 17,000 5,000 2,000 1.4 0.7 40,000 8,000 1.2 0.3 1.125
Connecticut 199,000 11,000 2,012,000 12,000 4,000 2,000 2.2 1.1 27,000 5,000 1.4 0.3 1.561
Delaware 66,000 7,000 535,000 7,000 500 680 0.9 1.5 7,000 6,000 1.4 1.3 0.641
District of Columbia 51,000 8,000 423,000 8,000 600 580 1.4 1.6 11,000 5,000 2.7 1.3 0.503
Florida 1,367,000 37,000 12,194,000 37,000 24,000 5,000 1.9 0.4 251,000 24,000 2.1 0.2 0.886
Georgia 738,000 25,000 5,994,000 28,000 11,000 3,000 1.6 0.4 67,000 11,000 1.2 0.2 1.353
Hawaii 68,000 6,000 720,000 8,000 3,000 2,000 6.0 2.8 26,000 8,000 3.8 1.2 1.582
Idaho 152,000 9,000 1,008,000 10,000 1,000 2,000 1.0 0.9 13,000 6,000 1.3 0.6 0.750
Illinois 754,000 23,000 6,891,000 26,000 15,000 4,000 2.1 0.6 104,000 17,000 1.6 0.3 1.349
Indiana 541,000 17,000 3,532,000 18,000 10,000 3,000 1.9 0.6 31,000 7,000 0.9 0.2 2.122
Iowa 205,000 13,000 1,680,000 13,000 3,000 2,000 1.5 0.9 10,000 4,000 0.6 0.3 2.334
Kansas 200,000 14,000 1,510,000 15,000 2,000 1,400 1.0 0.8 20,000 7,000 1.4 0.5 0.745
Kentucky 443,000 16,000 2,242,000 16,000 6,000 3,000 1.4 0.5 24,000 5,000 1.1 0.3 1.216
Louisiana 382,000 17,000 2,266,000 17,000 5,000 2,000 1.5 0.6 26,000 7,000 1.2 0.3 1.212
Maine 115,000 10,000 708,000 10,000 2,000 1,500 1.5 1.2 4,000 2,000 0.6 0.4 2.486
Maryland 374,000 14,000 3,355,000 17,000 5,000 3,000 1.6 0.7 46,000 10,000 1.4 0.3 1.114
Massachusetts 446,000 14,000 3,975,000 16,000 4,000 2,000 1.1 0.5 50,000 10,000 1.3 0.3 0.803
Michigan 732,000 23,000 5,258,000 25,000 10,000 3,000 1.5 0.5 50,000 10,000 1.0 0.2 1.545
Minnesota 349,000 17,000 3,085,000 20,000 3,000 2,000 1.0 0.7 37,000 9,000 1.2 0.3 0.849
Mississippi 275,000 13,000 1,424,000 14,000 5,000 3,000 1.8 1.3 12,000 5,000 0.9 0.3 2.133
Missouri 492,000 19,000 3,159,000 20,000 7,000 3,000 1.6 0.6 23,000 6,000 0.8 0.2 2.067
Montana 79,000 8,000 577,000 9,000 1,000 1,000 1.4 1.7 3,000 2,000 0.5 0.3 2.790
Nebraska 117,000 9,000 1,044,000 10,000 2,000 1,500 1.6 1.2 12,000 4,000 1.2 0.4 1.338
Nevada 245,000 12,000 1,726,000 11,000 5,000 2,000 2.0 0.8 26,000 8,000 1.5 0.5 1.338
New Hampshire 105,000 9,000 748,000 10,000 700 680 0.7 0.8 3,000 2,000 0.4 0.2 1.899
New Jersey 463,000 18,000 5,237,000 19,000 9,000 3,000 2.1 0.6 132,000 16,000 2.6 0.3 0.800
New Mexico 180,000 11,000 1,046,000 11,000 6,000 2,000 3.5 1.5 18,000 7,000 1.8 0.6 2.015
New York 1,252,000 28,000 10,785,000 31,000 41,000 7,000 3.7 0.6 330,000 26,000 3.2 0.3 1.137
North Carolina 760,000 28,000 5,802,000 29,000 12,000 4,000 1.8 0.5 51,000 8,000 0.9 0.2 1.921
North Dakota 48,000 6,000 420,000 7,000 100 200 0.3 0.4 4,000 4,000 1.1 1.1 0.231
Ohio 868,000 26,000 6,088,000 27,000 13,000 4,000 1.6 0.5 50,000 10,000 0.9 0.2 1.903
Oklahoma 367,000 14,000 2,020,000 16,000 6,000 3,000 1.8 0.7 25,000 7,000 1.3 0.4 1.386
Oregon 339,000 14,000 2,233,000 15,000 4,000 2,000 1.4 0.6 32,000 7,000 1.5 0.3 0.972
Pennsylvania 901,000 30,000 6,790,000 31,000 10,000 3,000 1.2 0.4 64,000 12,000 1.0 0.2 1.217
Rhode Island 71,000 7,000 609,000 8,000 800 1,200 1.3 1.6 11,000 5,000 2.0 1.0 0.659
South Carolina 395,000 17,000 2,779,000 17,000 7,000 3,000 1.8 0.8 21,000 6,000 0.8 0.2 2.356
South Dakota 59,000 7,000 463,000 7,000 300 330 0.5 0.7 3,000 2,000 0.7 0.5 0.786
Tennessee 537,000 17,000 3,778,000 17,000 7,000 2,000 1.4 0.4 41,000 8,000 1.1 0.3 1.253
Texas 2,029,000 34,000 16,861,000 38,000 44,000 6,000 2.3 0.3 347,000 25,000 2.1 0.2 1.087
Utah 205,000 11,000 1,913,000 12,000 2,000 1,000 1.1 0.7 19,000 7,000 1.0 0.4 1.084
Vermont 46,000 6,000 340,000 7,000 200 300 0.6 0.9 200 220 0.0 0.1 *
Virginia 551,000 21,000 4,640,000 24,000 4,000 2,000 0.8 0.5 61,000 11,000 1.4 0.3 0.605
Washington 566,000 21,000 4,272,000 21,000 13,000 4,000 2.4 0.7 59,000 10,000 1.4 0.3 1.661
West Virginia 173,000 10,000 839,000 10,000 2,000 1,200 1.2 0.7 5,000 2,000 0.6 0.2 1.918
Wisconsin 384,000 18,000 3,137,000 19,000 6,000 3,000 1.6 0.9 28,000 8,000 0.9 0.3 1.748
Wyoming 36,000 4,000 303,000 6,000 400 500 1.2 1.8 1,000 1,000 0.4 0.4 3.021
Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample (2024), are subject to sampling variability. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. The relative ratio is the ratio of the percentage of people with disability experiencing a poor housing environment over the percentage of people without disability experiencing a poor housing environment. Therefore, a relative ratio further from 1.000 indicates a greater disparity in poor housing environment percentage.
*Estimate either unavailable or too few sample observations.
Citation: Thomas, N., Kingsbury, S., Lansing J., & Houtenville, A. (2026). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2026 (Table 7.5). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.

Table 7.6 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in Housing Built in 1990 or Later for the United States and States: 2024

Table 7.6 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in Housing Built in 1990 or Later for the United States and States: 2024
State
Dis.
No Dis.
In Housing Built in 1990 or Later - Dis.
In Housing Built in 1990 or Later - No Dis.
Relative Ratio
# ME# # ME# # ME# % ME% # ME# % ME%
U.S. 22,566,000 143,000 180,103,000 157,000 7,929,000 93,000 36.4 0.3 75,249,000 208,000 42.5 0.1 0.856
Alabama 422,000 17,000 2,594,000 17,000 179,000 13,000 43.2 2.3 1,313,000 28,000 51.9 1.0 0.833
Alaska 55,000 8,000 368,000 8,000 22,000 6,000 43.0 7.3 153,000 11,000 43.2 3.0 0.994
Arizona 502,000 20,000 3,919,000 19,000 242,000 14,000 49.8 2.2 2,295,000 32,000 59.3 0.8 0.841
Arkansas 276,000 15,000 1,515,000 16,000 112,000 10,000 41.7 2.9 831,000 27,000 55.9 1.5 0.746
California 2,219,000 38,000 21,953,000 40,000 628,000 24,000 29.8 0.9 6,948,000 72,000 32.2 0.4 0.926
Colorado 363,000 16,000 3,332,000 17,000 158,000 10,000 45.0 2.3 1,716,000 32,000 52.2 0.9 0.862
Connecticut 199,000 11,000 2,012,000 12,000 28,000 5,000 15.0 2.2 412,000 19,000 21.0 1.0 0.711
Delaware 66,000 7,000 535,000 7,000 25,000 5,000 39.4 5.6 254,000 13,000 48.6 2.4 0.810
District of Columbia 51,000 8,000 423,000 8,000 16,000 4,000 34.0 7.7 127,000 10,000 31.7 2.4 1.071
Florida 1,367,000 37,000 12,194,000 37,000 621,000 24,000 46.5 1.3 6,317,000 63,000 52.5 0.5 0.886
Georgia 738,000 25,000 5,994,000 28,000 374,000 21,000 51.7 1.8 3,590,000 44,000 60.7 0.7 0.852
Hawaii 68,000 6,000 720,000 8,000 23,000 5,000 36.6 5.0 262,000 16,000 36.9 2.1 0.993
Idaho 152,000 9,000 1,008,000 10,000 75,000 8,000 50.1 3.4 581,000 20,000 58.8 1.8 0.851
Illinois 754,000 23,000 6,891,000 26,000 188,000 14,000 25.9 1.6 2,134,000 41,000 31.4 0.6 0.825
Indiana 541,000 17,000 3,532,000 18,000 162,000 11,000 30.5 1.9 1,481,000 33,000 42.8 0.9 0.714
Iowa 205,000 13,000 1,680,000 13,000 54,000 7,000 27.3 2.9 590,000 19,000 36.2 1.1 0.756
Kansas 200,000 14,000 1,510,000 15,000 46,000 7,000 24.4 2.9 568,000 19,000 38.3 1.3 0.636
Kentucky 443,000 16,000 2,242,000 16,000 175,000 11,000 40.1 2.1 1,046,000 24,000 47.4 1.0 0.845
Louisiana 382,000 17,000 2,266,000 17,000 152,000 10,000 40.8 2.5 1,037,000 29,000 46.4 1.3 0.880
Maine 115,000 10,000 708,000 10,000 37,000 6,000 33.5 4.1 261,000 13,000 38.0 1.9 0.881
Maryland 374,000 14,000 3,355,000 17,000 107,000 10,000 29.9 2.2 1,250,000 30,000 37.8 0.9 0.791
Massachusetts 446,000 14,000 3,975,000 16,000 80,000 8,000 19.3 1.8 941,000 30,000 24.6 0.8 0.783
Michigan 732,000 23,000 5,258,000 25,000 174,000 12,000 24.6 1.6 1,726,000 44,000 33.3 0.9 0.738
Minnesota 349,000 17,000 3,085,000 20,000 104,000 12,000 31.9 2.8 1,227,000 32,000 40.4 1.1 0.790
Mississippi 275,000 13,000 1,424,000 14,000 122,000 10,000 45.5 2.4 741,000 17,000 53.2 1.2 0.856
Missouri 492,000 19,000 3,159,000 20,000 150,000 10,000 31.3 1.8 1,276,000 30,000 41.1 0.9 0.762
Montana 79,000 8,000 577,000 9,000 27,000 5,000 34.9 5.2 266,000 14,000 47.0 2.2 0.743
Nebraska 117,000 9,000 1,044,000 10,000 31,000 6,000 27.3 4.9 401,000 18,000 39.2 1.7 0.695
Nevada 245,000 12,000 1,726,000 11,000 142,000 10,000 58.2 3.0 1,159,000 20,000 67.4 1.0 0.863
New Hampshire 105,000 9,000 748,000 10,000 24,000 5,000 24.0 3.8 245,000 14,000 33.7 1.8 0.712
New Jersey 463,000 18,000 5,237,000 19,000 98,000 9,000 21.8 1.6 1,426,000 35,000 27.6 0.7 0.790
New Mexico 180,000 11,000 1,046,000 11,000 69,000 8,000 39.2 3.6 498,000 19,000 48.1 1.8 0.814
New York 1,252,000 28,000 10,785,000 31,000 199,000 14,000 17.3 1.1 2,092,000 57,000 20.0 0.5 0.863
North Carolina 760,000 28,000 5,802,000 29,000 393,000 21,000 53.2 1.7 3,436,000 46,000 60.5 0.7 0.880
North Dakota 48,000 6,000 420,000 7,000 18,000 5,000 41.0 8.1 213,000 13,000 52.7 2.8 0.778
Ohio 868,000 26,000 6,088,000 27,000 202,000 13,000 24.2 1.3 1,953,000 38,000 32.6 0.6 0.740
Oklahoma 367,000 14,000 2,020,000 16,000 119,000 9,000 33.0 2.3 868,000 28,000 43.7 1.3 0.754
Oregon 339,000 14,000 2,233,000 15,000 123,000 11,000 38.2 2.7 954,000 25,000 43.4 1.1 0.880
Pennsylvania 901,000 30,000 6,790,000 31,000 174,000 14,000 20.1 1.5 1,777,000 43,000 27.0 0.6 0.744
Rhode Island 71,000 7,000 609,000 8,000 9,000 2,000 13.4 3.4 120,000 13,000 20.6 2.2 0.652
South Carolina 395,000 17,000 2,779,000 17,000 202,000 13,000 52.5 2.8 1,635,000 30,000 60.0 1.0 0.874
South Dakota 59,000 7,000 463,000 7,000 25,000 5,000 43.6 6.4 216,000 12,000 47.8 2.5 0.912
Tennessee 537,000 17,000 3,778,000 17,000 243,000 13,000 46.2 1.9 1,973,000 31,000 53.0 0.8 0.871
Texas 2,029,000 34,000 16,861,000 38,000 1,026,000 28,000 51.4 1.1 9,925,000 73,000 59.5 0.5 0.865
Utah 205,000 11,000 1,913,000 12,000 104,000 9,000 52.7 3.4 1,141,000 20,000 60.5 1.1 0.872
Vermont 46,000 6,000 340,000 7,000 11,000 4,000 27.4 6.6 108,000 9,000 33.2 2.7 0.825
Virginia 551,000 21,000 4,640,000 24,000 215,000 13,000 40.1 1.8 2,107,000 36,000 46.4 0.8 0.864
Washington 566,000 21,000 4,272,000 21,000 229,000 15,000 41.8 2.1 2,036,000 36,000 48.3 0.9 0.867
West Virginia 173,000 10,000 839,000 10,000 58,000 6,000 34.0 3.6 336,000 16,000 40.9 1.7 0.831
Wisconsin 384,000 18,000 3,137,000 19,000 122,000 11,000 32.8 2.5 1,158,000 33,000 37.6 1.1 0.873
Wyoming 36,000 4,000 303,000 6,000 12,000 3,000 32.7 6.3 129,000 9,000 43.7 2.8 0.748
Puerto Rico 312,000 15,000 1,606,000 15,000 103,000 8,000 33.1 2.0 632,000 22,000 39.5 1.4 0.839
Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample (2024), are subject to sampling variability. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. The relative ratio is the ratio of the percentage of people with disability in housing built in 1990 or later over the percentage of people without disability in housing built in 1990 or later. Therefore, a relative ratio further from 1.000 indicates a greater disparity in housing built in 1990 or later percentage. When the relative ratio is less than one it means that people with disabilities are less likely to live in housing built in 1990 or later.
*Estimate either unavailable or too few sample observations.
Citation: Thomas, N., Kingsbury, S., Lansing J., & Houtenville, A. (2026). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2026 (Table 7.6). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.

Table 7.7 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in Houses for the United States and States: 2024

Table 7.7 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in Houses for the United States and States: 2024
State
Dis.
No Dis.
In Houses - Dis.
In Houses - No Dis.
Relative Ratio
# ME# # ME# # ME# % ME% # ME# % ME%
U.S. 22,566,000 143,000 180,103,000 157,000 14,265,000 109,000 65.5 0.3 128,886,000 200,000 72.9 0.1 0.899
Alabama 422,000 17,000 2,594,000 17,000 285,000 14,000 68.9 2.0 1,930,000 25,000 76.3 0.9 0.903
Alaska 55,000 8,000 368,000 8,000 35,000 6,000 67.1 8.0 279,000 9,000 78.7 1.9 0.853
Arizona 502,000 20,000 3,919,000 19,000 337,000 15,000 69.4 1.7 2,927,000 36,000 75.6 0.8 0.918
Arkansas 276,000 15,000 1,515,000 16,000 185,000 11,000 68.7 2.6 1,134,000 17,000 76.3 1.0 0.900
California 2,219,000 38,000 21,953,000 40,000 1,381,000 28,000 65.5 0.9 15,001,000 82,000 69.4 0.4 0.943
Colorado 363,000 16,000 3,332,000 17,000 230,000 13,000 65.4 2.2 2,458,000 32,000 74.8 0.9 0.875
Connecticut 199,000 11,000 2,012,000 12,000 108,000 9,000 58.8 3.3 1,397,000 21,000 71.3 1.1 0.824
Delaware 66,000 7,000 535,000 7,000 43,000 6,000 67.9 5.2 421,000 12,000 80.3 1.7 0.846
District of Columbia 51,000 8,000 423,000 8,000 11,000 4,000 23.0 7.1 152,000 9,000 38.2 2.2 0.603
Florida 1,367,000 37,000 12,194,000 37,000 892,000 29,000 66.8 1.2 8,486,000 53,000 70.5 0.4 0.948
Georgia 738,000 25,000 5,994,000 28,000 507,000 19,000 70.1 1.5 4,496,000 42,000 76.0 0.6 0.923
Hawaii 68,000 6,000 720,000 8,000 43,000 5,000 69.1 4.3 512,000 12,000 72.1 1.6 0.958
Idaho 152,000 9,000 1,008,000 10,000 104,000 8,000 69.9 3.2 794,000 14,000 80.5 1.2 0.869
Illinois 754,000 23,000 6,891,000 26,000 473,000 19,000 65.0 2.0 4,774,000 39,000 70.2 0.6 0.925
Indiana 541,000 17,000 3,532,000 18,000 393,000 14,000 74.2 1.7 2,864,000 25,000 82.8 0.6 0.896
Iowa 205,000 13,000 1,680,000 13,000 137,000 9,000 69.1 3.1 1,352,000 20,000 82.8 1.0 0.834
Kansas 200,000 14,000 1,510,000 15,000 140,000 12,000 73.5 2.8 1,219,000 20,000 82.3 1.1 0.893
Kentucky 443,000 16,000 2,242,000 16,000 287,000 16,000 65.7 2.6 1,661,000 26,000 75.4 1.0 0.871
Louisiana 382,000 17,000 2,266,000 17,000 250,000 14,000 67.2 2.4 1,660,000 28,000 74.3 1.2 0.903
Maine 115,000 10,000 708,000 10,000 65,000 7,000 58.9 5.0 519,000 14,000 75.5 1.8 0.781
Maryland 374,000 14,000 3,355,000 17,000 262,000 12,000 73.2 2.4 2,642,000 33,000 79.8 0.9 0.917
Massachusetts 446,000 14,000 3,975,000 16,000 203,000 12,000 49.0 2.2 2,357,000 30,000 61.7 0.8 0.794
Michigan 732,000 23,000 5,258,000 25,000 515,000 21,000 72.7 1.5 4,248,000 36,000 82.0 0.6 0.886
Minnesota 349,000 17,000 3,085,000 20,000 208,000 14,000 64.1 3.3 2,415,000 25,000 79.6 0.7 0.805
Mississippi 275,000 13,000 1,424,000 14,000 183,000 12,000 67.9 2.7 1,046,000 23,000 75.1 1.4 0.904
Missouri 492,000 19,000 3,159,000 20,000 340,000 19,000 70.9 2.0 2,524,000 27,000 81.4 0.7 0.871
Montana 79,000 8,000 577,000 9,000 47,000 6,000 62.2 5.2 434,000 15,000 76.5 2.5 0.813
Nebraska 117,000 9,000 1,044,000 10,000 83,000 8,000 72.4 4.1 811,000 15,000 79.3 1.3 0.913
Nevada 245,000 12,000 1,726,000 11,000 158,000 10,000 64.8 2.8 1,272,000 23,000 74.0 1.2 0.875
New Hampshire 105,000 9,000 748,000 10,000 59,000 7,000 58.1 4.9 548,000 15,000 75.3 1.9 0.772
New Jersey 463,000 18,000 5,237,000 19,000 266,000 13,000 58.9 1.9 3,433,000 34,000 66.4 0.6 0.886
New Mexico 180,000 11,000 1,046,000 11,000 115,000 10,000 65.6 3.5 722,000 18,000 69.7 1.6 0.941
New York 1,252,000 28,000 10,785,000 31,000 492,000 17,000 42.6 1.2 5,317,000 41,000 50.9 0.4 0.838
North Carolina 760,000 28,000 5,802,000 29,000 481,000 20,000 65.1 1.4 4,220,000 38,000 74.3 0.6 0.876
North Dakota 48,000 6,000 420,000 7,000 23,000 4,000 52.8 7.0 277,000 10,000 68.5 2.2 0.770
Ohio 868,000 26,000 6,088,000 27,000 586,000 19,000 69.9 1.3 4,827,000 34,000 80.7 0.5 0.866
Oklahoma 367,000 14,000 2,020,000 16,000 263,000 13,000 73.2 2.1 1,595,000 23,000 80.4 0.9 0.911
Oregon 339,000 14,000 2,233,000 15,000 194,000 11,000 60.4 2.6 1,622,000 24,000 73.7 1.0 0.819
Pennsylvania 901,000 30,000 6,790,000 31,000 621,000 21,000 71.8 1.4 5,365,000 41,000 81.5 0.5 0.881
Rhode Island 71,000 7,000 609,000 8,000 34,000 5,000 51.3 6.0 391,000 15,000 66.9 2.4 0.767
South Carolina 395,000 17,000 2,779,000 17,000 253,000 14,000 65.7 2.4 2,012,000 29,000 73.9 1.0 0.889
South Dakota 59,000 7,000 463,000 7,000 36,000 5,000 62.7 5.7 347,000 12,000 76.8 2.3 0.816
Tennessee 537,000 17,000 3,778,000 17,000 358,000 14,000 68.1 1.7 2,847,000 32,000 76.5 0.8 0.890
Texas 2,029,000 34,000 16,861,000 38,000 1,337,000 32,000 67.0 1.2 12,126,000 61,000 72.6 0.4 0.922
Utah 205,000 11,000 1,913,000 12,000 136,000 10,000 68.7 3.3 1,473,000 21,000 78.1 0.9 0.880
Vermont 46,000 6,000 340,000 7,000 23,000 4,000 56.4 7.6 245,000 9,000 75.2 2.8 0.750
Virginia 551,000 21,000 4,640,000 24,000 385,000 19,000 71.9 1.7 3,498,000 35,000 77.0 0.7 0.934
Washington 566,000 21,000 4,272,000 21,000 327,000 16,000 59.7 2.1 3,024,000 33,000 71.7 0.7 0.833
West Virginia 173,000 10,000 839,000 10,000 116,000 10,000 67.6 3.4 646,000 15,000 78.6 1.3 0.860
Wisconsin 384,000 18,000 3,137,000 19,000 236,000 14,000 63.5 3.0 2,341,000 30,000 76.0 0.9 0.836
Wyoming 36,000 4,000 303,000 6,000 21,000 4,000 60.6 6.6 223,000 9,000 75.2 2.5 0.806
Puerto Rico 312,000 15,000 1,606,000 15,000 259,000 14,000 83.5 1.7 1,333,000 16,000 83.2 1.0 1.003
Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample (2024), are subject to sampling variability. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. The relative ratio is the ratio of the percentage of people with disability in houses over the percentage of people without disability in houses. Therefore, a relative ratio further from 1.000 indicates a greater disparity in percentage living in a house.
*Estimate either unavailable or too few sample observations.
Citation: Thomas, N., Kingsbury, S., Lansing J., & Houtenville, A. (2026). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2026 (Table 7.7). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.

Table 7.8 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in Apartments for the United States and States: 2024

Table 7.8 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in Apartments for the United States and States: 2024
State
Dis.
No Dis.
In Apartments - Dis.
In Apartments - No Dis.
Relative Ratio
# ME# # ME# # ME# % ME% # ME# % ME%
U.S. 22,566,000 143,000 180,103,000 157,000 5,723,000 73,000 26.3 0.3 39,891,000 158,000 22.6 0.1 1.165
Alabama 422,000 17,000 2,594,000 17,000 57,000 8,000 13.7 1.8 313,000 16,000 12.4 0.6 1.110
Alaska 55,000 8,000 368,000 8,000 13,000 5,000 25.8 7.7 64,000 8,000 17.9 2.0 1.442
Arizona 502,000 20,000 3,919,000 19,000 94,000 10,000 19.4 1.9 702,000 26,000 18.1 0.7 1.070
Arkansas 276,000 15,000 1,515,000 16,000 47,000 7,000 17.3 2.3 207,000 15,000 13.9 1.0 1.247
California 2,219,000 38,000 21,953,000 40,000 636,000 23,000 30.1 0.8 6,039,000 71,000 27.9 0.4 1.078
Colorado 363,000 16,000 3,332,000 17,000 104,000 9,000 29.6 2.2 728,000 26,000 22.1 0.8 1.336
Connecticut 199,000 11,000 2,012,000 12,000 75,000 7,000 40.7 3.3 552,000 21,000 28.2 1.0 1.444
Delaware 66,000 7,000 535,000 7,000 11,000 4,000 17.4 5.7 74,000 9,000 14.1 1.6 1.238
District of Columbia 51,000 8,000 423,000 8,000 36,000 6,000 77.0 7.1 247,000 11,000 61.8 2.2 1.246
Florida 1,367,000 37,000 12,194,000 37,000 310,000 17,000 23.2 1.1 2,892,000 53,000 24.0 0.4 0.965
Georgia 738,000 25,000 5,994,000 28,000 130,000 11,000 18.0 1.3 1,014,000 30,000 17.1 0.5 1.050
Hawaii 68,000 6,000 720,000 8,000 19,000 3,000 30.9 4.3 198,000 12,000 27.8 1.6 1.111
Idaho 152,000 9,000 1,008,000 10,000 31,000 6,000 21.1 3.1 134,000 9,000 13.6 0.9 1.552
Illinois 754,000 23,000 6,891,000 26,000 225,000 17,000 30.9 1.9 1,916,000 40,000 28.2 0.6 1.097
Indiana 541,000 17,000 3,532,000 18,000 105,000 10,000 19.8 1.6 479,000 17,000 13.8 0.5 1.428
Iowa 205,000 13,000 1,680,000 13,000 50,000 8,000 25.1 3.1 236,000 16,000 14.4 1.0 1.740
Kansas 200,000 14,000 1,510,000 15,000 40,000 6,000 20.9 2.7 213,000 14,000 14.4 0.9 1.457
Kentucky 443,000 16,000 2,242,000 16,000 79,000 8,000 18.1 1.9 339,000 16,000 15.4 0.7 1.176
Louisiana 382,000 17,000 2,266,000 17,000 63,000 8,000 16.9 2.1 320,000 20,000 14.3 0.9 1.183
Maine 115,000 10,000 708,000 10,000 31,000 7,000 27.6 4.7 117,000 12,000 17.0 1.6 1.628
Maryland 374,000 14,000 3,355,000 17,000 87,000 10,000 24.4 2.3 632,000 30,000 19.1 0.9 1.275
Massachusetts 446,000 14,000 3,975,000 16,000 206,000 12,000 49.8 2.2 1,447,000 31,000 37.9 0.8 1.315
Michigan 732,000 23,000 5,258,000 25,000 138,000 12,000 19.5 1.6 716,000 26,000 13.8 0.5 1.411
Minnesota 349,000 17,000 3,085,000 20,000 100,000 12,000 30.7 3.0 554,000 23,000 18.3 0.8 1.680
Mississippi 275,000 13,000 1,424,000 14,000 38,000 7,000 14.1 2.3 154,000 13,000 11.0 1.0 1.280
Missouri 492,000 19,000 3,159,000 20,000 104,000 8,000 21.6 1.7 438,000 20,000 14.1 0.7 1.531
Montana 79,000 8,000 577,000 9,000 18,000 4,000 23.5 4.5 84,000 11,000 14.8 1.8 1.595
Nebraska 117,000 9,000 1,044,000 10,000 28,000 5,000 24.7 3.9 186,000 14,000 18.2 1.3 1.359
Nevada 245,000 12,000 1,726,000 11,000 69,000 7,000 28.1 2.6 373,000 21,000 21.7 1.2 1.297
New Hampshire 105,000 9,000 748,000 10,000 34,000 6,000 33.1 4.5 154,000 14,000 21.2 1.9 1.562
New Jersey 463,000 18,000 5,237,000 19,000 181,000 12,000 40.1 1.9 1,707,000 34,000 33.0 0.6 1.214
New Mexico 180,000 11,000 1,046,000 11,000 23,000 5,000 13.3 2.4 129,000 11,000 12.5 1.0 1.067
New York 1,252,000 28,000 10,785,000 31,000 628,000 22,000 54.3 1.3 4,974,000 48,000 47.6 0.4 1.142
North Carolina 760,000 28,000 5,802,000 29,000 135,000 13,000 18.2 1.4 890,000 29,000 15.7 0.5 1.162
North Dakota 48,000 6,000 420,000 7,000 19,000 5,000 42.4 7.4 105,000 10,000 26.0 2.4 1.633
Ohio 868,000 26,000 6,088,000 27,000 207,000 14,000 24.7 1.2 996,000 27,000 16.6 0.5 1.481
Oklahoma 367,000 14,000 2,020,000 16,000 58,000 8,000 16.2 2.1 238,000 16,000 12.0 0.8 1.350
Oregon 339,000 14,000 2,233,000 15,000 100,000 10,000 31.3 2.4 456,000 18,000 20.7 0.9 1.508
Pennsylvania 901,000 30,000 6,790,000 31,000 194,000 15,000 22.5 1.3 1,043,000 35,000 15.8 0.6 1.417
Rhode Island 71,000 7,000 609,000 8,000 32,000 6,000 47.7 6.0 192,000 14,000 32.8 2.3 1.454
South Carolina 395,000 17,000 2,779,000 17,000 62,000 8,000 16.2 1.9 365,000 18,000 13.4 0.7 1.212
South Dakota 59,000 7,000 463,000 7,000 16,000 3,000 28.4 5.1 76,000 8,000 16.8 1.8 1.691
Tennessee 537,000 17,000 3,778,000 17,000 98,000 9,000 18.6 1.5 596,000 21,000 16.0 0.6 1.163
Texas 2,029,000 34,000 16,861,000 38,000 483,000 24,000 24.2 1.1 3,503,000 58,000 21.0 0.4 1.154
Utah 205,000 11,000 1,913,000 12,000 55,000 8,000 27.7 3.2 371,000 17,000 19.6 0.9 1.411
Vermont 46,000 6,000 340,000 7,000 12,000 4,000 29.8 7.2 62,000 8,000 19.1 2.5 1.560
Virginia 551,000 21,000 4,640,000 24,000 113,000 10,000 21.2 1.6 892,000 27,000 19.6 0.6 1.080
Washington 566,000 21,000 4,272,000 21,000 177,000 13,000 32.4 2.0 989,000 26,000 23.4 0.6 1.383
West Virginia 173,000 10,000 839,000 10,000 25,000 4,000 14.7 2.3 78,000 9,000 9.5 1.1 1.553
Wisconsin 384,000 18,000 3,137,000 19,000 119,000 13,000 32.0 2.8 677,000 26,000 22.0 0.8 1.453
Wyoming 36,000 4,000 303,000 6,000 9,000 3,000 24.6 6.5 38,000 5,000 12.8 1.8 1.916
Puerto Rico 312,000 15,000 1,606,000 15,000 51,000 6,000 16.5 1.7 269,000 16,000 16.8 0.9 0.985
Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample (2024), are subject to sampling variability. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. The relative ratio is the ratio of the percentage of people with disability in apartments over the percentage of people without disability in apartments. Therefore, a relative ratio further from 1.000 indicates a greater disparity in percentage living in an apartment.
*Estimate either unavailable or too few sample observations.
Citation: Thomas, N., Kingsbury, S., Lansing J., & Houtenville, A. (2026). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2026 (Table 7.8). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.

Table 7.9 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in Mobile Homes or Other Building Types for the United States and States: 2024

Table 7.9 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in Mobile Homes or Other Building Types for the United States and States: 2024
State
Dis.
No Dis.
In Mobile Homes - Dis.
In Mobile Homes - No Dis.
Relative Ratio
# ME# # ME# # ME# % ME% # ME# % ME%
U.S. 22,566,000 143,000 180,103,000 157,000 1,792,000 29,000 8.2 0.2 8,108,000 101,000 4.6 0.1 1.795
Alabama 422,000 17,000 2,594,000 17,000 72,000 7,000 17.4 1.8 288,000 18,000 11.4 0.7 1.531
Alaska 55,000 8,000 368,000 8,000 4,000 3,000 7.1 5.4 12,000 5,000 3.4 1.4 2.073
Arizona 502,000 20,000 3,919,000 19,000 54,000 7,000 11.2 1.4 242,000 16,000 6.3 0.4 1.787
Arkansas 276,000 15,000 1,515,000 16,000 38,000 6,000 14.0 1.9 146,000 10,000 9.8 0.7 1.424
California 2,219,000 38,000 21,953,000 40,000 93,000 9,000 4.4 0.4 569,000 28,000 2.6 0.2 1.679
Colorado 363,000 16,000 3,332,000 17,000 18,000 4,000 5.0 1.1 102,000 13,000 3.1 0.4 1.616
Connecticut 199,000 11,000 2,012,000 12,000 1,000 1,000 0.5 0.4 9,000 4,000 0.5 0.2 1.119
Delaware 66,000 7,000 535,000 7,000 9,000 3,000 14.7 4.2 29,000 8,000 5.6 1.5 2.620
District of Columbia 51,000 8,000 423,000 8,000 * * * * * * * * *
Florida 1,367,000 37,000 12,194,000 37,000 134,000 10,000 10.0 0.7 658,000 31,000 5.5 0.3 1.829
Georgia 738,000 25,000 5,994,000 28,000 86,000 8,000 11.9 0.9 404,000 24,000 6.8 0.4 1.737
Hawaii 68,000 6,000 720,000 8,000 * * * * 700 630 0.1 0.1 *
Idaho 152,000 9,000 1,008,000 10,000 13,000 4,000 9.0 2.3 58,000 9,000 5.9 1.0 1.516
Illinois 754,000 23,000 6,891,000 26,000 30,000 5,000 4.1 0.7 108,000 11,000 1.6 0.2 2.602
Indiana 541,000 17,000 3,532,000 18,000 32,000 5,000 6.0 0.9 117,000 10,000 3.4 0.3 1.784
Iowa 205,000 13,000 1,680,000 13,000 11,000 4,000 5.8 1.7 45,000 8,000 2.8 0.5 2.097
Kansas 200,000 14,000 1,510,000 15,000 11,000 4,000 5.6 1.8 50,000 9,000 3.4 0.6 1.675
Kentucky 443,000 16,000 2,242,000 16,000 71,000 8,000 16.2 1.7 204,000 14,000 9.3 0.7 1.755
Louisiana 382,000 17,000 2,266,000 17,000 59,000 6,000 15.9 1.5 253,000 16,000 11.3 0.8 1.401
Maine 115,000 10,000 708,000 10,000 15,000 4,000 13.5 3.3 52,000 7,000 7.6 1.0 1.780
Maryland 374,000 14,000 3,355,000 17,000 9,000 3,000 2.5 0.8 36,000 7,000 1.1 0.2 2.290
Massachusetts 446,000 14,000 3,975,000 16,000 5,000 2,000 1.2 0.6 17,000 5,000 0.4 0.2 2.772
Michigan 732,000 23,000 5,258,000 25,000 55,000 7,000 7.8 1.0 216,000 16,000 4.2 0.3 1.876
Minnesota 349,000 17,000 3,085,000 20,000 17,000 5,000 5.2 1.5 65,000 11,000 2.1 0.4 2.449
Mississippi 275,000 13,000 1,424,000 14,000 48,000 6,000 18.0 2.1 193,000 15,000 13.9 1.0 1.296
Missouri 492,000 19,000 3,159,000 20,000 36,000 5,000 7.5 1.0 140,000 11,000 4.5 0.4 1.669
Montana 79,000 8,000 577,000 9,000 11,000 4,000 14.3 4.6 50,000 9,000 8.8 1.5 1.632
Nebraska 117,000 9,000 1,044,000 10,000 3,000 2,000 2.9 1.4 26,000 6,000 2.5 0.6 1.154
Nevada 245,000 12,000 1,726,000 11,000 17,000 4,000 7.0 1.8 73,000 8,000 4.3 0.5 1.653
New Hampshire 105,000 9,000 748,000 10,000 9,000 3,000 8.8 2.8 25,000 5,000 3.5 0.7 2.523
New Jersey 463,000 18,000 5,237,000 19,000 5,000 2,000 1.1 0.4 31,000 6,000 0.6 0.1 1.792
New Mexico 180,000 11,000 1,046,000 11,000 37,000 5,000 21.1 3.0 184,000 15,000 17.8 1.5 1.185
New York 1,252,000 28,000 10,785,000 31,000 35,000 5,000 3.0 0.5 164,000 14,000 1.6 0.2 1.946
North Carolina 760,000 28,000 5,802,000 29,000 124,000 9,000 16.7 1.2 571,000 24,000 10.1 0.5 1.665
North Dakota 48,000 6,000 420,000 7,000 2,000 1,200 4.8 3.4 22,000 6,000 5.5 1.5 0.878
Ohio 868,000 26,000 6,088,000 27,000 46,000 7,000 5.4 0.8 161,000 14,000 2.7 0.2 2.025
Oklahoma 367,000 14,000 2,020,000 16,000 38,000 5,000 10.6 1.3 150,000 12,000 7.6 0.6 1.394
Oregon 339,000 14,000 2,233,000 15,000 27,000 5,000 8.3 1.4 122,000 12,000 5.5 0.6 1.505
Pennsylvania 901,000 30,000 6,790,000 31,000 50,000 7,000 5.7 0.8 173,000 14,000 2.6 0.2 2.187
Rhode Island 71,000 7,000 609,000 8,000 700 620 1.0 1.0 2,000 1,300 0.3 0.2 3.217
South Carolina 395,000 17,000 2,779,000 17,000 69,000 8,000 18.1 1.9 347,000 18,000 12.7 0.7 1.419
South Dakota 59,000 7,000 463,000 7,000 5,000 3,000 9.0 4.3 29,000 6,000 6.4 1.5 1.395
Tennessee 537,000 17,000 3,778,000 17,000 70,000 6,000 13.3 1.2 281,000 17,000 7.6 0.5 1.765
Texas 2,029,000 34,000 16,861,000 38,000 176,000 13,000 8.8 0.7 1,066,000 42,000 6.4 0.3 1.383
Utah 205,000 11,000 1,913,000 12,000 7,000 2,000 3.6 1.3 43,000 8,000 2.3 0.4 1.582
Vermont 46,000 6,000 340,000 7,000 6,000 3,000 13.8 5.3 19,000 5,000 5.7 1.6 2.418
Virginia 551,000 21,000 4,640,000 24,000 37,000 5,000 7.0 0.9 156,000 13,000 3.4 0.3 2.023
Washington 566,000 21,000 4,272,000 21,000 43,000 7,000 7.9 1.1 206,000 19,000 4.9 0.5 1.612
West Virginia 173,000 10,000 839,000 10,000 30,000 5,000 17.6 2.9 97,000 10,000 11.9 1.1 1.484
Wisconsin 384,000 18,000 3,137,000 19,000 17,000 4,000 4.5 1.0 60,000 8,000 2.0 0.3 2.291
Wyoming 36,000 4,000 303,000 6,000 5,000 2,000 14.8 5.6 35,000 7,000 11.9 2.2 1.237
Puerto Rico 312,000 15,000 1,606,000 15,000 * * * * 500 520 * 0.1 *
Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample (2024), are subject to sampling variability. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. The relative ratio is the ratio of the percentage of people with disability in mobile homes over the percentage of people without disability in mobile homes. Therefore, a relative ratio further from 1.000 indicates a greater disparity in percentage living in a mobile home.
*Estimate either unavailable or too few sample observations.
Citation: Thomas, N., Kingsbury, S., Lansing J., & Houtenville, A. (2026). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2026 (Table 7.9). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.

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