Compilation and Expansion B: Statistics on the Blind and Low Vision Ages 55+ Population - Compendium (2026)

Statistics on the Blind and Low Vision Ages 55+ Population

This section presents statistics on people with blindness and vision disabilities, age 55 and over in the United States. Americans are living longer than ever before, and with increased longevity comes a rising prevalence of age-related vision loss. Millions of adults age 55 and older are aging into blindness or low vision due to conditions such as macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy, and these numbers are expected to grow substantially as the Baby Boomer generation continues to age. Despite this demographic shift, awareness of age-related vision loss remains limited among the public, aging-services systems, and health care providers. As a result, many older adults do not receive timely information about prevention, vision rehabilitation, assistive technology, or services that support independence and quality of life.

This expansion of aging-focused statistics is intended to address the gaps in knowledge and visibility by providing a dedicated, data-driven portrait of adults age 55 and older who are blind or have low vision in the United States. By highlighting these data, this section provides advocates the needed tool to increase public awareness, justify strengthening and expanding the qualified workforce, support improving service delivery and funding, and promote research that advances effective policy and practice. Reliable, accessible statistics are essential to informing advocacy, guiding program development, and ensuring that older adults with vision loss are no longer overlooked within aging, health, and disability systems.

All Tables in this Compilation and Expansion are unique to this section.

This expansion was authored by and made in collaboration with our partners at the American Foundation for the Blind (AFB), Dr. Sarahelizabeth Baguhn and Dr. Arielle Silverman. For more statistics on the blind and low vision community please go to https://afb.org/stats.

Tables

Table B.1: In 2024, the portion of the United States population ages 55+ with blindness or low vision (as measured by the question “Are you blind or do you have serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses”) was 8,931,000. This table includes statistics on demographics such as race, ethnicity, and age groups. Table B.1 Demographics - Civilians with Vision Disabilities by Demographic: 2024

Table B.2: The state with the largest blind or low vision 55+ population in 2024 was California/CA with 548,000 individuals. The state with the smallest population in 2024 was District of Columbia/DC with 9,000 individuals. Mississippi/MS had the highest rate of vision disability per capita ages 55+ at 7.9%. Table B.2 - Civilians by Age Group and Aggregate Age 55+ with Vision Disabilities: 2024

Table B.3: This table reports metropolitan residence by age group and vision disability status. Living in urban areas may increase proximity to accessible and varied transportation options, specialty eyecare, rehabilitation providers, and broadband connectivity. Table B.3 - Civilians by Age Group and Aggregate Age 55+ with Vision Disabilities in Metropolitan Areas: 2024

Table B.4: This table reports non-metropolitan residence by age group and vision disability status. Understanding the rate of disability and vision loss among older adults living in non-metropolitan areas is necessary to design the community support systems at the appropriate scale for each state’s needs. Table B.4 - Civilians by Age Group and Aggregate Age 55+ with Vision Disabilities in Non-Metropolitan Areas: 2024

Table B.5: This table presents the prevalence of self-care and independent living disabilities among older adults with blindness or low vision at the national and state levels. These measures provide indicators of functional limitation and possible support needs among older adults with vision loss. Self-care difficulties reflect challenges with basic personal activities such as bathing or dressing. Independent living difficulties refer to limitations in managing tasks needed for community living, such as shopping. Variation across states may highlight differences in the effectiveness of service access, supports, and aging infrastructure. Table B.5 Functioning - Civilians with Vision and Self-Care or Independent Living Disabilities Ages 55+ for the United States and States: 2024

Table B.6: This table breaks down people with vision disabilities who have only self-care limitation, only independent living limitation, or both. Disaggregating these functional limitations provides a more nuanced view of the possible remaining support needs for older adults losing vision. Targeted environmental modification, rehabilitation services, and community-based supports can empower people to age in place. Table B.6 Functioning - Civilians with Vision and Both or Only Self-Care and Independent Living Disabilities Ages 55+ for the United States and States: 2024

Table B.7: This table presents the employment-to-population ratio among older adults with and without vision disabilities at the national and state levels in 2024. This measure reflects the proportion of older adults who are working, rather than simply those actively seeking work, and provides an important indicator of economic participation in later life. Comparisons between individuals with and without vision disabilities highlight disparities in access to employment, workplace accommodations, health-related work capacity, and opportunities for continued labor force engagement across states. Table B.7 Employment to Population Ratio - Civilians with and without Vision Disabilities Ages 55+ by Employment Status for the United States and States: 2024

Table B.8: This table presents annual median earnings among full-time workers with and without disabilities at the national and state levels. Earnings in later life reflect the cumulative effects of educational opportunity, occupational access, workplace discrimination, health status, and access to accommodations over the career. Comparisons between workers with and without disabilities highlight disparities that affect financial security, retirement readiness, and the ability to absorb health and disability-related expenses in older adulthood. Rows with a P-Value <0.05 show a statistically significant difference where the median earnings of people with vision disabilities are less than the median earnings of people without vision disabilities. Table B.8 Earnings - Annual Median Earnings Full-Time, Full-Year Civilian Workers Ages 55+ with and without Disabilities (in 2024 Inflation-Adjusted Dollars): 2024

Table B.9: This table presents the prevalence of poverty among older adults with and without vision disabilities. The relative ratio highlights the magnitude of disparities in poverty risk between older adults with and without blindness or low vision. State level differences may also show differences in economic conditions, social safety net policies, labor markets, or access to disability-related supports. Table B.9 Poverty - Civilians with and without Vision Disabilities Ages 55+ and Experiencing Poverty for the United States and States: 2024

Table B.10: People who are blind or have low vision are much more likely to live in a home without internet access. Home internet access is a core component of digital inclusion and affects access to telehealth, remote rehabilitation services, online banking, employment, and social connection. The relative ratios highlight disparities in digital access for older adults with declining vision. State-level variation reflects differences in infrastructure, affordability, and technology access programs. Table B.10 Technology Access - Civilians with and without Vision Disabilities Ages 55+ in a Home Environment that Lacks Internet Access for the United States and States: 2024

Table B.11: People who are blind or have low vision are more likely to live in a home without high-speed internet access. High-speed internet access is a core component of digital inclusion and affects access to telehealth, remote rehabilitation services, and activities that require stable, low-latency connections. The relative ration highlight disparities in digital access for older adults with declining vision. State-level variation reflects differences in infrastructure, affordability, and technology access programs. Table B.11 Technology Access - Civilians with and without Vision Disabilities Ages 55+ in a Home Environment that Lacks High Speed Internet Access for the United States and States: 2024

Table B.12: People who are blind or have low vision are much more likely to live in a home without a computer. Access to a computer in the home is a foundational requirement for many forms of digital participation which are not mobile-optimized, such as filling out forms for healthcare or financial actions. The relative ratio highlights disparities in computer access between older adults with and without vision difficulty. State level variation may point to differences in affordability and access. Table B.12 Technology Access - Civilians with and without Vision Disabilities Ages 55+ in a Home Environment that Lacks a Computer for the United States and States: 2024

Table B.13: This table presents the prevalence of residing in a home environment that lacks a smartphone or tablet for older adults with and without vision difficulties. Smartphones and tablets are often primary access points for communication, navigation, social connection, and many mainstream accessibility tools for people with vision disabilities. The relative ratio highlights the disparities in mobile device access between older adults with and without vision disabilities. Table B.13 Technology Access - Civilians with and without Vision Disabilities Ages 55+ in a Home Environment that Lacks a Smartphone or Tablet for the United States and States: 2024

Table B.14: This table presents the prevalence of older adults with vision disabilities who have attained a four-year college degree or greater, compared to people with other disabilities at the national and state levels. In most states, older adults with vision difficulties are less likely to have a college degree than adults with other types of disabilities. Table B.14 Education - Civilians with Vision Disabilities compared to those with Other Disabilities Ages 55+ with a 4-Year College Degree or Greater for the United States and States: 2024

Table B.15: This table presents the prevalence of older adults with vision disabilities who have attained a four-year college degree or greater, compared to nondisabled people at the national and state levels. In all states, older adults with vision difficulties are less likely to have a college degree than adults without, and the gap is more extreme than between vision and other disabilities shown in Table B.14. Table B.15 Education - Civilians with and without Vision Disabilities Ages 55+ with a 4-Year College Degree or Greater for the United States and States: 2024

Table B.16: This table presents the prevalence of residing in a home environment with fewer vehicles than adults. This measure serves as an indicator of potential transportation constraint within the household, which can affect access to many community activities. See compendium section for data about transportation barriers and voting. Table B.16 - Civilians with and without Vision Disabilities Ages 55+ In a Home Environment with Fewer Vehicles than Adults for the United States and States: 2024

Table B.17: Table B.17a shows that people who have vision difficulties are significantly more likely to live in group quarters, meaning that they have not continued to age in place and stay in their own homes. Table B.17b seeks to separate the effects of blindness from the general effects of disability, because older people with disabilities are generally more likely to move into nursing homes than people without disabilities. For this reason, the second portion of this table compares people with vision difficulties to people with any disability, and excludes people without disabilities from the comparison. Where there is a P-value of less than 0.05 there is a statistically significant difference between groups. For example, in non-metropolitan areas older people with a vision disability are significantly more likely to live in a group home than people with other disabilities, where public transit is not a viable substitute when a person can no longer see well enough to drive. But in metropolitan areas people with vision disabilities do not enter group home residence more frequently than people with other disabilities, where public transit is more available. The areas where people with vision difficulties experience higher rates of group home residence than other types of disabilities may indicate opportunities to address environmental, community, or support needs that could be met to help adults stay in their own home. Table B.17 Group Home Residence - Civilians with Disability, Comparing those with and without Vision Disabilities Ages 55+ Estimated Risk of Group Home Residence for the United States and States: 2024

Table B.1 Demographics - Civilians with Vision Disabilities by Demographic: 2024

Table B.1 Demographics - Civilians with Vision Disabilities by Demographic: 2024
Demographic # ME# % ME%
Total Population 8,931,000 85,000 100.0 -
Hispanic 1,830,000 38,000 20.5 0.4
Non-Hispanic Asian 356,000 14,000 4.0 0.2
Non-Hispanic Black 1,391,000 38,000 15.6 0.4
Non-Hispanic Other 533,000 21,000 6.0 0.2
Non-Hispanic White 4,820,000 51,000 54.0 0.5
Under 5 Years 64,000 8,000 0.7 0.1
5 to 17 Years 589,000 23,000 6.6 0.2
18 to 54 Years 3,064,000 55,000 34.3 0.5
55 to 64 Years 1,482,000 33,000 16.6 0.3
65 to 74 Years 1,560,000 32,000 17.5 0.4
75 to 84 Years 1,275,000 28,000 14.3 0.3
85 Years and Over 898,000 20,000 10.1 0.3
Non-metropolitan 2,170,000 35,000 24.3 0.3
Metropolitan 6,761,000 72,000 75.7 0.3
Limited vehicles available 3,262,000 50,000 36.5 0.5
At least 1 vehicle available 5,669,000 68,000 63.5 0.5
Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample, (2024), which is subject to sampling variability. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate.
Citation: Thomas, N., Kingsbury, S., Lansing, J., & Houtenville, A. (Eds.) (2026). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2026 (Table B.1). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.

Table B.2 - Civilians by Age Group and Aggregate Age 55+ with Vision Disabilities: 2024

Table B.2 - Civilians by Age Group and Aggregate Age 55+ with Vision Disabilities: 2024
Demographic
Total
Disability
Vision Disability
# # # ME# % of Tot. ME% of Tot. % of Dis. ME% of Dis.
Under 5 Years 18,285,000 118,000 64,000 8,000 0.3 0.1 53.9 4.4
5 to 17 Years 54,396,000 3,665,000 589,000 23,000 1.1 0.1 16.1 0.6
18 to 54 Years 163,101,000 15,830,000 3,064,000 55,000 1.9 0.1 19.4 0.3
55 to 64 Years 41,633,000 7,492,000 1,482,000 33,000 3.6 0.1 19.8 0.4
65 to 74 Years 35,590,000 8,690,000 1,560,000 32,000 4.4 0.1 17.9 0.4
75 to 84 Years 19,303,000 7,705,000 1,275,000 28,000 6.6 0.1 16.5 0.4
85 Years and Over 6,320,000 4,332,000 898,000 20,000 14.2 0.3 20.7 0.5
U.S., Age 55+ 102,847,000 28,219,000 5,214,000 55,000 5.1 0.1 18.5 0.2
Alabama, Age 55+ 1,601,000 517,000 97,000 7,000 6.1 0.5 18.8 1.3
Alaska, Age 55+ 192,000 60,000 11,000 2,000 5.7 1.2 18.2 3.4
Arizona, Age 55+ 2,372,000 650,000 129,000 8,000 5.4 0.4 19.8 1.1
Arkansas, Age 55+ 933,000 332,000 61,000 6,000 6.6 0.6 18.4 1.6
California, Age 55+ 11,196,000 2,925,000 548,000 16,000 4.9 0.1 18.7 0.5
Colorado, Age 55+ 1,650,000 409,000 74,000 7,000 4.5 0.4 18.2 1.5
Connecticut, Age 55+ 1,216,000 278,000 49,000 5,000 4.1 0.4 17.8 1.7
Delaware, Age 55+ 370,000 94,000 17,000 4,000 4.5 0.8 17.5 2.9
District of Columbia, Age 55+ 154,000 44,000 9,000 3,000 5.6 1.8 19.9 5.3
Florida, Age 55+ 8,144,000 2,148,000 415,000 14,000 5.1 0.2 19.3 0.6
Georgia, Age 55+ 3,109,000 847,000 171,000 10,000 5.5 0.3 20.2 1.1
Hawaii, Age 55+ 485,000 125,000 19,000 3,000 3.9 0.6 15.0 2.2
Idaho, Age 55+ 583,000 162,000 28,000 4,000 4.8 0.6 17.3 2.2
Illinois, Age 55+ 3,838,000 1,006,000 178,000 9,000 4.6 0.3 17.7 0.9
Indiana, Age 55+ 2,049,000 597,000 103,000 8,000 5.0 0.4 17.2 1.3
Iowa, Age 55+ 998,000 265,000 42,000 5,000 4.2 0.4 15.8 1.7
Kansas, Age 55+ 875,000 249,000 42,000 5,000 4.8 0.5 16.7 1.7
Kentucky, Age 55+ 1,403,000 489,000 93,000 7,000 6.6 0.5 19.0 1.2
Louisiana, Age 55+ 1,370,000 441,000 92,000 7,000 6.7 0.5 20.8 1.4
Maine, Age 55+ 534,000 148,000 21,000 4,000 3.9 0.6 14.0 2.2
Maryland, Age 55+ 1,912,000 471,000 89,000 7,000 4.7 0.4 18.9 1.3
Massachusetts, Age 55+ 2,271,000 554,000 93,000 7,000 4.1 0.3 16.8 1.1
Michigan, Age 55+ 3,309,000 895,000 143,000 9,000 4.3 0.3 16.0 0.9
Minnesota, Age 55+ 1,765,000 426,000 58,000 5,000 3.3 0.3 13.5 1.2
Mississippi, Age 55+ 892,000 320,000 70,000 6,000 7.9 0.7 22.0 1.6
Missouri, Age 55+ 1,944,000 587,000 94,000 7,000 4.9 0.4 16.1 1.0
Montana, Age 55+ 377,000 110,000 19,000 4,000 5.1 1.0 17.4 3.3
Nebraska, Age 55+ 577,000 155,000 24,000 3,000 4.2 0.6 15.4 2.0
Nevada, Age 55+ 977,000 282,000 59,000 6,000 6.0 0.7 20.9 1.9
New Hampshire, Age 55+ 513,000 130,000 24,000 4,000 4.7 0.7 18.5 2.7
New Jersey, Age 55+ 2,952,000 678,000 128,000 8,000 4.3 0.3 18.8 1.1
New Mexico, Age 55+ 683,000 233,000 49,000 5,000 7.1 0.8 21.0 1.8
New York, Age 55+ 6,327,000 1,712,000 317,000 15,000 5.0 0.2 18.5 0.8
North Carolina, Age 55+ 3,352,000 923,000 177,000 10,000 5.3 0.3 19.2 1.0
North Dakota, Age 55+ 227,000 61,000 11,000 3,000 4.7 1.2 17.4 4.1
Ohio, Age 55+ 3,770,000 1,048,000 175,000 10,000 4.6 0.3 16.6 0.9
Oklahoma, Age 55+ 1,161,000 400,000 85,000 7,000 7.3 0.5 21.2 1.4
Oregon, Age 55+ 1,352,000 396,000 62,000 5,000 4.6 0.4 15.7 1.3
Pennsylvania, Age 55+ 4,370,000 1,191,000 204,000 11,000 4.7 0.3 17.1 0.9
Rhode Island, Age 55+ 370,000 99,000 15,000 3,000 4.0 0.7 14.8 2.6
South Carolina, Age 55+ 1,782,000 505,000 93,000 7,000 5.2 0.4 18.4 1.4
South Dakota, Age 55+ 286,000 79,000 13,000 3,000 4.6 1.0 16.5 3.0
Tennessee, Age 55+ 2,183,000 660,000 128,000 8,000 5.9 0.4 19.4 1.1
Texas, Age 55+ 7,738,000 2,228,000 492,000 14,000 6.4 0.2 22.1 0.6
Utah, Age 55+ 746,000 179,000 30,000 4,000 4.0 0.5 16.5 2.2
Vermont, Age 55+ 238,000 58,000 11,000 3,000 4.5 1.2 18.3 4.5
Virginia, Age 55+ 2,642,000 686,000 122,000 8,000 4.6 0.3 17.8 1.1
Washington, Age 55+ 2,295,000 628,000 108,000 7,000 4.7 0.3 17.2 1.1
West Virginia, Age 55+ 618,000 213,000 43,000 5,000 6.9 0.9 20.0 2.3
Wisconsin, Age 55+ 1,958,000 467,000 73,000 7,000 3.7 0.4 15.7 1.4
Wyoming, Age 55+ 187,000 56,000 10,000 3,000 5.1 1.3 17.0 4.0
Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S Census Bureau American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample, which is subject to sample variation. The vision disability question asks people of all ages, “Is this person blind or does he/she have serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses?”. See glossary for more information. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate.
Citation: Thomas, N., Kingsbury, S., Lansing, J., & Houtenville, A. (2026). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2026 (Table B.2). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.

Table B.3 - Civilians by Age Group and Aggregate Age 55+ with Vision Disabilities in Metropolitan Areas: 2024

Table B.3 - Civilians by Age Group and Aggregate Age 55+ with Vision Disabilities in Metropolitan Areas: 2024
Demographic
Total
Disability
Vision Disability
# # # ME# % of Tot. ME% of Tot. % of Dis. ME% of Dis.
Under 5 Years 14,925,000 96,000 52,000 7,000 0.3 0.1 53.8 4.7
5 to 17 Years 43,914,000 2,849,000 457,000 20,000 1.0 0.1 16.0 0.7
18 to 54 Years 134,111,000 12,220,000 2,359,000 47,000 1.8 0.1 19.3 0.3
55 to 64 Years 33,009,000 5,535,000 1,095,000 27,000 3.3 0.1 19.8 0.4
65 to 74 Years 27,457,000 6,451,000 1,157,000 25,000 4.2 0.1 17.9 0.4
75 to 84 Years 14,926,000 5,794,000 954,000 25,000 6.4 0.2 16.5 0.4
85 Years and Over 4,972,000 3,379,000 688,000 18,000 13.8 0.4 20.3 0.5
U.S., Age 55+ 80,364,000 21,159,000 3,893,000 47,000 4.8 0.1 18.4 0.2
Alabama, Age 55+ 1,081,000 327,000 56,000 6,000 5.2 0.5 17.3 1.5
Alaska, Age 55+ 71,000 22,000 4,000 2,000 5.2 2.2 16.3 6.5
Arizona, Age 55+ 2,170,000 579,000 111,000 7,000 5.1 0.3 19.2 1.1
Arkansas, Age 55+ 394,000 127,000 23,000 3,000 5.9 0.8 18.2 2.1
California, Age 55+ 10,874,000 2,823,000 528,000 16,000 4.9 0.2 18.7 0.5
Colorado, Age 55+ 1,366,000 337,000 63,000 7,000 4.6 0.5 18.6 1.8
Connecticut, Age 55+ 1,129,000 257,000 48,000 5,000 4.2 0.4 18.5 1.7
Delaware, Age 55+ 241,000 66,000 12,000 3,000 5.1 1.2 18.6 3.7
District of Columbia, Age 55+ 154,000 44,000 9,000 3,000 5.6 1.8 19.9 5.3
Florida, Age 55+ 7,720,000 2,009,000 386,000 13,000 5.0 0.2 19.2 0.6
Georgia, Age 55+ 2,072,000 524,000 105,000 8,000 5.1 0.4 20.1 1.5
Hawaii, Age 55+ 320,000 84,000 13,000 3,000 4.0 0.7 15.1 2.7
Idaho, Age 55+ 288,000 77,000 14,000 3,000 4.9 0.9 18.3 2.8
Illinois, Age 55+ 3,097,000 780,000 137,000 9,000 4.4 0.3 17.5 1.1
Indiana, Age 55+ 1,329,000 370,000 63,000 8,000 4.7 0.6 17.0 1.9
Iowa, Age 55+ 392,000 98,000 17,000 4,000 4.4 1.0 17.7 3.9
Kansas, Age 55+ 537,000 143,000 23,000 4,000 4.2 0.7 15.9 2.5
Kentucky, Age 55+ 547,000 158,000 28,000 4,000 5.2 0.7 18.0 2.2
Louisiana, Age 55+ 928,000 281,000 57,000 5,000 6.2 0.6 20.3 1.7
Maine, Age 55+ 294,000 79,000 11,000 3,000 3.6 1.1 13.5 3.6
Maryland, Age 55+ 1,738,000 423,000 79,000 7,000 4.6 0.4 18.7 1.4
Massachusetts, Age 55+ 2,153,000 526,000 87,000 7,000 4.0 0.4 16.5 1.1
Michigan, Age 55+ 2,503,000 668,000 106,000 9,000 4.2 0.4 15.9 1.2
Minnesota, Age 55+ 1,182,000 278,000 37,000 5,000 3.2 0.4 13.4 1.7
Mississippi, Age 55+ 299,000 97,000 21,000 4,000 6.9 1.0 21.2 3.1
Missouri, Age 55+ 1,264,000 361,000 54,000 5,000 4.3 0.4 14.9 1.3
Montana, Age 55+ 117,000 34,000 5,000 3,000 4.7 2.4 16.0 7.1
Nebraska, Age 55+ 291,000 73,000 12,000 3,000 4.0 0.9 15.8 3.3
Nevada, Age 55+ 840,000 237,000 50,000 6,000 6.0 0.7 21.2 2.2
New Hampshire, Age 55+ 241,000 61,000 12,000 3,000 4.9 1.3 19.5 4.3
New Jersey, Age 55+ 2,952,000 678,000 128,000 8,000 4.3 0.3 18.8 1.1
New Mexico, Age 55+ 457,000 142,000 25,000 4,000 5.4 0.8 17.4 2.6
New York, Age 55+ 5,601,000 1,514,000 286,000 14,000 5.1 0.2 18.9 0.9
North Carolina, Age 55+ 2,239,000 577,000 111,000 8,000 4.9 0.4 19.2 1.2
North Dakota, Age 55+ 89,000 20,000 3,000 3,000 3.9 2.6 17.0 9.4
Ohio, Age 55+ 2,888,000 781,000 132,000 9,000 4.6 0.3 16.9 1.0
Oklahoma, Age 55+ 586,000 187,000 41,000 5,000 7.1 0.9 22.1 2.4
Oregon, Age 55+ 1,021,000 285,000 46,000 5,000 4.5 0.5 16.3 1.6
Pennsylvania, Age 55+ 3,550,000 947,000 162,000 10,000 4.6 0.3 17.1 1.0
Rhode Island, Age 55+ 370,000 99,000 15,000 3,000 4.0 0.7 14.8 2.6
South Carolina, Age 55+ 1,303,000 353,000 61,000 7,000 4.7 0.5 17.4 1.7
South Dakota, Age 55+ 54,000 16,000 4,000 2,000 6.9 3.7 22.7 9.3
Tennessee, Age 55+ 1,474,000 413,000 79,000 7,000 5.4 0.5 19.1 1.6
Texas, Age 55+ 6,310,000 1,739,000 384,000 14,000 6.1 0.2 22.1 0.7
Utah, Age 55+ 588,000 140,000 22,000 3,000 3.7 0.6 15.7 2.2
Vermont, Age 55+ 51,000 11,000 2,000 2,000 4.1 3.2 19.1 12.0
Virginia, Age 55+ 1,819,000 426,000 72,000 7,000 4.0 0.4 16.9 1.5
Washington, Age 55+ 1,921,000 511,000 88,000 7,000 4.6 0.4 17.2 1.2
West Virginia, Age 55+ 208,000 64,000 12,000 4,000 5.9 1.7 19.1 4.8
Wisconsin, Age 55+ 1,222,000 300,000 48,000 6,000 3.9 0.5 16.0 1.9
Wyoming, Age 55+ 32,000 9,000 1,000 1,000 3.5 1.9 11.6 6.1
Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S Census Bureau American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample, which is subject to sample variation. The vision disability question asks people of all ages, “Is this person blind or does he/she have serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses?”. See glossary for more information. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate.
Citation: Thomas, N., Kingsbury, S., Lansing, J., & Houtenville, A. (2026). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2026 (Table B.3). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.

Table B.4 - Civilians by Age Group and Aggregate Age 55+ with Vision Disabilities in Non-Metropolitan Areas: 2024

Table B.4 - Civilians by Age Group and Aggregate Age 55+ with Vision Disabilities in Non-Metropolitan Areas: 2024
Demographic
Total
Disability
Vision Disability
# # # ME# % of Tot. ME% of Tot. % of Dis. ME% of Dis.
Under 5 Years 3,360,000 22,000 12,000 3,000 0.4 0.1 54.2 8.8
5 to 17 Years 10,482,000 816,000 131,000 11,000 1.3 0.1 16.1 1.2
18 to 54 Years 28,990,000 3,609,000 705,000 21,000 2.4 0.1 19.5 0.5
55 to 64 Years 8,625,000 1,958,000 387,000 14,000 4.5 0.2 19.8 0.7
65 to 74 Years 8,134,000 2,239,000 403,000 15,000 5.0 0.2 18.0 0.6
75 to 84 Years 4,377,000 1,910,000 321,000 10,000 7.3 0.3 16.8 0.5
85 Years and Over 1,348,000 953,000 211,000 9,000 15.6 0.6 22.1 0.8
U.S., Age 55+ 22,483,000 7,060,000 1,321,000 25,000 5.9 0.1 18.7 0.4
Alabama, Age 55+ 520,000 191,000 41,000 5,000 7.8 0.8 21.3 2.2
Alaska, Age 55+ 121,000 38,000 7,000 2,000 6.0 1.5 19.3 4.1
Arizona, Age 55+ 203,000 72,000 18,000 3,000 8.7 1.4 24.6 3.5
Arkansas, Age 55+ 539,000 204,000 38,000 5,000 7.0 0.9 18.5 2.0
California, Age 55+ 322,000 102,000 20,000 4,000 6.3 1.0 19.8 3.0
Colorado, Age 55+ 284,000 72,000 11,000 2,000 4.0 0.8 15.9 2.8
Connecticut, Age 55+ 87,000 21,000 2,000 1,000 2.1 1.0 8.9 3.9
Delaware, Age 55+ 129,000 28,000 4,000 2,000 3.4 1.0 15.2 4.3
Florida, Age 55+ 425,000 139,000 29,000 4,000 6.8 0.9 20.8 2.4
Georgia, Age 55+ 1,038,000 323,000 66,000 6,000 6.3 0.6 20.3 1.6
Hawaii, Age 55+ 164,000 41,000 6,000 1,000 3.7 0.8 14.7 3.3
Idaho, Age 55+ 294,000 85,000 14,000 2,000 4.7 0.8 16.4 2.8
Illinois, Age 55+ 741,000 226,000 42,000 4,000 5.6 0.5 18.4 1.5
Indiana, Age 55+ 719,000 227,000 40,000 4,000 5.5 0.6 17.6 1.7
Iowa, Age 55+ 606,000 167,000 24,000 4,000 4.0 0.6 14.6 2.1
Kansas, Age 55+ 338,000 107,000 19,000 3,000 5.6 0.9 17.8 2.4
Kentucky, Age 55+ 856,000 331,000 64,000 6,000 7.5 0.7 19.4 1.6
Louisiana, Age 55+ 442,000 160,000 35,000 4,000 7.8 0.8 21.6 2.2
Maine, Age 55+ 241,000 69,000 10,000 2,000 4.2 0.8 14.6 2.9
Maryland, Age 55+ 174,000 48,000 10,000 2,000 5.7 1.1 20.7 3.5
Massachusetts, Age 55+ 118,000 28,000 6,000 3,000 5.2 2.7 22.2 8.6
Michigan, Age 55+ 806,000 227,000 37,000 4,000 4.6 0.5 16.3 1.6
Minnesota, Age 55+ 583,000 148,000 20,000 3,000 3.5 0.4 13.8 1.5
Mississippi, Age 55+ 593,000 224,000 50,000 5,000 8.4 0.8 22.3 1.9
Missouri, Age 55+ 680,000 226,000 40,000 4,000 5.9 0.7 17.9 1.6
Montana, Age 55+ 260,000 75,000 14,000 3,000 5.2 1.0 18.1 3.5
Nebraska, Age 55+ 286,000 82,000 12,000 2,000 4.3 0.8 15.1 2.6
Nevada, Age 55+ 137,000 44,000 8,000 2,000 6.1 1.5 18.9 4.3
New Hampshire, Age 55+ 272,000 69,000 12,000 3,000 4.5 1.0 17.6 3.6
New Mexico, Age 55+ 226,000 91,000 24,000 4,000 10.7 1.5 26.5 3.3
New York, Age 55+ 727,000 198,000 32,000 4,000 4.4 0.5 16.0 1.5
North Carolina, Age 55+ 1,114,000 346,000 66,000 6,000 6.0 0.5 19.2 1.4
North Dakota, Age 55+ 138,000 41,000 7,000 2,000 5.2 1.2 17.6 3.8
Ohio, Age 55+ 882,000 267,000 43,000 4,000 4.8 0.5 16.0 1.4
Oklahoma, Age 55+ 575,000 213,000 43,000 4,000 7.5 0.7 20.4 1.6
Oregon, Age 55+ 331,000 111,000 16,000 3,000 4.8 0.8 14.4 2.3
Pennsylvania, Age 55+ 820,000 245,000 42,000 5,000 5.2 0.5 17.3 1.5
South Carolina, Age 55+ 480,000 153,000 32,000 5,000 6.6 0.9 20.7 2.6
South Dakota, Age 55+ 232,000 63,000 9,000 2,000 4.0 0.8 14.9 2.5
Tennessee, Age 55+ 709,000 247,000 49,000 4,000 6.9 0.6 19.8 1.5
Texas, Age 55+ 1,428,000 488,000 108,000 8,000 7.5 0.6 22.0 1.3
Utah, Age 55+ 158,000 39,000 8,000 2,000 4.8 1.3 19.4 4.8
Vermont, Age 55+ 188,000 47,000 9,000 3,000 4.5 1.6 18.1 5.4
Virginia, Age 55+ 822,000 260,000 50,000 5,000 6.1 0.6 19.3 1.7
Washington, Age 55+ 374,000 117,000 20,000 4,000 5.4 0.9 17.4 2.7
West Virginia, Age 55+ 410,000 149,000 30,000 4,000 7.4 1.0 20.4 2.3
Wisconsin, Age 55+ 736,000 167,000 25,000 3,000 3.4 0.5 15.1 1.7
Wyoming, Age 55+ 156,000 47,000 8,000 3,000 5.4 1.5 18.1 4.4
Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S Census Bureau American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample, which is subject to sample variation. The vision disability question asks people of all ages, “Is this person blind or does he/she have serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses?”. See glossary for more information. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate.
Citation: Thomas, N., Kingsbury, S., Lansing, J., & Houtenville, A. (2026). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2026 (Table B.4). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.

Table B.5 Functioning - Civilians with Vision and Self-Care or Independent Living Disabilities Ages 55+ for the United States and States: 2024

Table B.5 Functioning - Civilians with Vision and Self-Care or Independent Living Disabilities Ages 55+ for the United States and States: 2024
Demographic
Total Vision Dis.
With Self-Care Dis.
With Independent Living Dis.
# ME# # ME# % ME% # ME# % ME%
Under 5 Years 64,000 8,000 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0.0 0.0
5 to 17 Years 589,000 23,000 99,000 9,000 16.8 1.5 40,000 6,000 6.8 1.0
18 to 54 Years 3,064,000 55,000 403,000 19,000 13.1 0.6 753,000 27,000 24.6 0.8
55 to 64 Years 1,482,000 33,000 270,000 14,000 18.2 0.8 457,000 18,000 30.8 1.0
65 to 74 Years 1,560,000 32,000 328,000 13,000 21.1 0.7 556,000 16,000 35.7 0.8
75 to 84 Years 1,275,000 28,000 379,000 15,000 29.7 0.9 627,000 18,000 49.2 0.9
85 Years and Over 898,000 20,000 421,000 12,000 46.9 1.1 655,000 16,000 73.0 1.2
U.S., Age 55+ 5,214,000 55,000 1,399,000 27,000 26.8 0.4 2,296,000 34,000 44.0 0.4
Alabama, Age 55+ 97,000 7,000 25,000 4,000 26.0 3.0 43,000 5,000 43.8 3.2
Alaska, Age 55+ 11,000 2,000 2,000 1,000 17.1 7.0 3,000 1,000 29.6 8.2
Arizona, Age 55+ 129,000 8,000 28,000 4,000 22.0 2.3 48,000 5,000 37.0 2.9
Arkansas, Age 55+ 61,000 6,000 17,000 3,000 27.9 3.8 28,000 5,000 46.1 4.9
California, Age 55+ 548,000 16,000 172,000 9,000 31.4 1.5 265,000 10,000 48.4 1.5
Colorado, Age 55+ 74,000 7,000 19,000 3,000 25.6 3.7 31,000 5,000 41.2 3.7
Connecticut, Age 55+ 49,000 5,000 14,000 3,000 28.8 5.3 23,000 4,000 47.4 5.7
Delaware, Age 55+ 17,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 15.2 7.0 7,000 2,000 40.2 9.3
District of Columbia, Age 55+ 9,000 3,000 3,000 2,000 31.0 14.1 3,000 2,000 37.2 13.0
Florida, Age 55+ 415,000 14,000 109,000 8,000 26.2 1.5 181,000 10,000 43.5 1.7
Georgia, Age 55+ 171,000 10,000 40,000 4,000 23.4 2.4 70,000 6,000 41.2 2.6
Hawaii, Age 55+ 19,000 3,000 5,000 1,000 25.7 6.3 9,000 2,000 47.0 7.7
Idaho, Age 55+ 28,000 4,000 6,000 1,000 21.1 4.8 10,000 2,000 36.0 5.8
Illinois, Age 55+ 178,000 9,000 48,000 4,000 27.0 2.1 81,000 6,000 45.6 2.7
Indiana, Age 55+ 103,000 8,000 27,000 4,000 26.4 3.1 42,000 5,000 41.3 3.7
Iowa, Age 55+ 42,000 5,000 10,000 2,000 23.3 4.3 15,000 3,000 36.9 4.9
Kansas, Age 55+ 42,000 5,000 11,000 2,000 25.7 4.1 18,000 2,000 43.3 4.4
Kentucky, Age 55+ 93,000 7,000 25,000 4,000 26.7 3.3 40,000 5,000 43.3 3.4
Louisiana, Age 55+ 92,000 7,000 24,000 4,000 25.8 3.3 39,000 4,000 42.9 3.6
Maine, Age 55+ 21,000 4,000 4,000 1,000 19.6 5.6 9,000 2,000 43.6 8.1
Maryland, Age 55+ 89,000 7,000 24,000 4,000 27.1 3.7 41,000 5,000 46.1 3.7
Massachusetts, Age 55+ 93,000 7,000 33,000 4,000 35.8 3.8 49,000 6,000 52.3 3.9
Michigan, Age 55+ 143,000 9,000 37,000 4,000 25.5 2.3 64,000 6,000 44.7 2.9
Minnesota, Age 55+ 58,000 5,000 14,000 3,000 25.0 4.6 23,000 4,000 39.1 5.1
Mississippi, Age 55+ 70,000 6,000 17,000 3,000 23.9 3.0 28,000 4,000 39.2 4.1
Missouri, Age 55+ 94,000 7,000 22,000 4,000 23.5 3.3 40,000 5,000 42.4 3.6
Montana, Age 55+ 19,000 4,000 5,000 2,000 26.1 8.4 7,000 2,000 39.0 8.0
Nebraska, Age 55+ 24,000 3,000 6,000 2,000 26.3 7.1 10,000 3,000 39.9 8.1
Nevada, Age 55+ 59,000 6,000 12,000 3,000 20.8 3.6 22,000 3,000 37.3 4.2
New Hampshire, Age 55+ 24,000 4,000 4,000 2,000 17.9 6.2 10,000 3,000 43.8 7.4
New Jersey, Age 55+ 128,000 8,000 36,000 5,000 28.6 3.0 57,000 6,000 44.5 3.2
New Mexico, Age 55+ 49,000 5,000 11,000 3,000 22.5 4.7 20,000 4,000 40.3 5.1
New York, Age 55+ 317,000 15,000 102,000 8,000 32.2 2.0 156,000 10,000 49.0 2.4
North Carolina, Age 55+ 177,000 10,000 46,000 5,000 25.7 2.2 71,000 7,000 40.1 2.6
North Dakota, Age 55+ 11,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 21.1 9.1 3,000 2,000 32.0 9.0
Ohio, Age 55+ 175,000 10,000 46,000 4,000 26.4 2.2 78,000 6,000 44.8 2.6
Oklahoma, Age 55+ 85,000 7,000 21,000 3,000 25.1 3.5 34,000 4,000 39.7 3.8
Oregon, Age 55+ 62,000 5,000 16,000 3,000 26.0 4.6 28,000 3,000 44.5 4.1
Pennsylvania, Age 55+ 204,000 11,000 60,000 7,000 29.6 2.6 98,000 8,000 48.0 3.0
Rhode Island, Age 55+ 15,000 3,000 4,000 2,000 29.2 9.8 5,000 2,000 36.6 8.3
South Carolina, Age 55+ 93,000 7,000 22,000 4,000 23.5 3.0 34,000 5,000 36.9 4.0
South Dakota, Age 55+ 13,000 3,000 3,000 1,000 23.4 7.5 5,000 2,000 35.7 9.3
Tennessee, Age 55+ 128,000 8,000 32,000 4,000 25.2 2.7 59,000 5,000 46.1 3.1
Texas, Age 55+ 492,000 14,000 133,000 8,000 27.0 1.3 211,000 10,000 42.9 1.5
Utah, Age 55+ 30,000 4,000 6,000 2,000 19.3 4.2 12,000 3,000 41.9 6.1
Vermont, Age 55+ 11,000 3,000 4,000 2,000 38.2 13.0 6,000 3,000 60.1 10.4
Virginia, Age 55+ 122,000 8,000 29,000 3,000 23.7 2.5 54,000 6,000 44.5 3.7
Washington, Age 55+ 108,000 7,000 32,000 5,000 29.2 3.3 52,000 6,000 48.5 3.7
West Virginia, Age 55+ 43,000 5,000 10,000 2,000 23.4 4.4 19,000 3,000 43.8 5.5
Wisconsin, Age 55+ 73,000 7,000 15,000 3,000 20.6 3.6 30,000 4,000 41.2 4.8
Wyoming, Age 55+ 10,000 3,000 1,000 1,000 15.4 8.4 3,000 2,000 34.9 10.3
Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample, (2024), which is subject to sampling variability. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. Questions about self-care are not asked of individuals less than five years old and independent living is not asked of individuals less than 15 years old.
Citation: Thomas, N., Kingsbury, S., Lansing, J., & Houtenville, A. (2026). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2026 (Table B.5). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.

Table B.6 Functioning - Civilians with Vision and Both or Only Self-Care and Independent Living Disabilities Ages 55+ for the United States and States: 2024

Table B.6 Functioning - Civilians with Vision and Both or Only Self-Care and Independent Living Disabilities Ages 55+ for the United States and States: 2024
Demographic
With Self-Care and Ind. Living Dis.
With Self-Care Dis. Only
With Ind. Living Dis. Only
# ME# % ME% # ME# % ME% # ME# % ME%
Under 5 Years 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0.0 0.0
5 to 17 Years 21,000 4,000 3.5 0.6 78,000 8,000 13.3 1.4 20,000 4,000 3.3 0.7
18 to 54 Years 361,000 18,000 11.8 0.5 41,000 6,000 1.3 0.2 392,000 19,000 12.8 0.6
55 to 64 Years 225,000 12,000 15.2 0.7 45,000 5,000 3.0 0.4 232,000 14,000 15.6 0.9
65 to 74 Years 284,000 11,000 18.2 0.6 44,000 5,000 2.9 0.3 272,000 11,000 17.5 0.6
75 to 84 Years 346,000 14,000 27.2 0.8 33,000 4,000 2.6 0.3 281,000 12,000 22.1 0.9
85 Years and Over 399,000 12,000 44.4 1.1 22,000 3,000 2.5 0.4 256,000 12,000 28.5 1.2
U.S., Age 55+ 1,254,000 24,000 24.1 0.4 144,000 9,000 2.8 0.2 1,041,000 22,000 20.0 0.4
Alabama, Age 55+ 22,000 4,000 23.0 2.9 3,000 1,000 3.0 1.4 20,000 3,000 20.8 3.0
Alaska, Age 55+ 2,000 1,100 15.7 7.1 200 220 1.4 1.9 2,000 1,100 13.9 5.4
Arizona, Age 55+ 24,000 3,000 18.8 2.2 4,000 2,000 3.2 1.3 23,000 4,000 18.2 2.6
Arkansas, Age 55+ 15,000 3,000 24.4 4.2 2,000 1,000 3.5 1.8 13,000 3,000 21.8 4.1
California, Age 55+ 157,000 9,000 28.6 1.5 16,000 4,000 2.9 0.6 109,000 7,000 19.9 1.2
Colorado, Age 55+ 17,000 3,000 22.9 3.8 2,000 1,200 2.7 1.6 14,000 3,000 18.2 3.4
Connecticut, Age 55+ 12,000 3,000 24.2 4.8 2,000 2,000 4.7 4.3 12,000 3,000 23.3 4.9
Delaware, Age 55+ 2,000 2,000 14.3 7.0 100 200 0.9 1.5 4,000 2,000 25.9 8.5
District of Columbia, Age 55+ 2,000 1,100 23.6 12.3 600 1,400 7.4 13.4 1,000 1,000 13.6 9.5
Florida, Age 55+ 96,000 7,000 23.1 1.4 13,000 3,000 3.1 0.7 85,000 7,000 20.4 1.5
Georgia, Age 55+ 36,000 4,000 21.0 2.1 4,000 1,000 2.5 0.7 35,000 5,000 20.2 2.3
Hawaii, Age 55+ 5,000 2,000 25.3 6.2 80 160 0.4 1.1 4,000 2,000 21.7 8.1
Idaho, Age 55+ 5,000 2,000 19.0 4.5 600 600 2.1 2.4 5,000 2,000 16.9 4.3
Illinois, Age 55+ 44,000 5,000 24.5 2.2 4,000 2,000 2.5 0.8 38,000 5,000 21.1 2.1
Indiana, Age 55+ 25,000 4,000 23.9 2.9 3,000 1,000 2.5 1.2 18,000 3,000 17.4 2.7
Iowa, Age 55+ 9,000 2,000 22.1 4.3 500 420 1.2 1.2 6,000 2,000 14.8 4.0
Kansas, Age 55+ 9,000 2,000 22.7 3.6 1,000 1,000 2.9 1.7 9,000 2,000 20.6 4.0
Kentucky, Age 55+ 21,000 3,000 23.0 3.0 3,000 2,000 3.7 1.6 19,000 4,000 20.2 3.1
Louisiana, Age 55+ 20,000 3,000 22.2 3.1 3,000 2,000 3.6 1.7 19,000 3,000 20.7 3.0
Maine, Age 55+ 4,000 1,000 18.9 5.6 100 200 0.7 1.0 5,000 2,000 24.7 8.5
Maryland, Age 55+ 22,000 4,000 25.3 3.5 2,000 1,100 1.9 0.9 19,000 4,000 20.8 3.3
Massachusetts, Age 55+ 31,000 4,000 33.4 3.7 2,000 1,000 2.4 1.3 18,000 4,000 18.9 3.7
Michigan, Age 55+ 33,000 4,000 23.1 2.3 3,000 2,000 2.4 1.1 31,000 4,000 21.6 2.5
Minnesota, Age 55+ 13,000 3,000 22.5 4.5 1,000 1,000 2.6 1.2 10,000 3,000 16.6 3.9
Mississippi, Age 55+ 15,000 3,000 20.9 3.0 2,000 1,000 3.0 1.5 13,000 3,000 18.3 3.3
Missouri, Age 55+ 20,000 4,000 21.6 3.3 2,000 1,000 1.9 0.9 20,000 4,000 20.8 3.4
Montana, Age 55+ 4,000 2,000 20.9 7.4 1,000 1,000 5.2 4.8 3,000 2,000 18.1 7.3
Nebraska, Age 55+ 6,000 2,000 23.8 6.5 600 710 2.5 3.9 4,000 2,000 16.2 6.1
Nevada, Age 55+ 10,000 3,000 17.5 3.6 2,000 1,000 3.3 1.6 12,000 3,000 19.7 3.9
New Hampshire, Age 55+ 4,000 2,000 17.4 6.2 100 200 0.5 0.7 6,000 3,000 26.4 7.8
New Jersey, Age 55+ 33,000 5,000 25.6 2.8 4,000 1,000 3.0 1.2 24,000 4,000 19.0 2.8
New Mexico, Age 55+ 10,000 3,000 20.5 4.7 1,000 1,000 2.0 1.3 10,000 2,000 19.8 4.2
New York, Age 55+ 94,000 7,000 29.6 2.0 8,000 3,000 2.6 0.9 62,000 6,000 19.5 1.6
North Carolina, Age 55+ 40,000 5,000 22.4 2.1 6,000 2,000 3.3 1.0 31,000 5,000 17.7 2.0
North Dakota, Age 55+ 2,000 1,000 19.7 8.9 200 270 1.4 3.0 1,000 1,000 12.3 6.3
Ohio, Age 55+ 41,000 4,000 23.7 2.4 5,000 2,000 2.6 0.9 37,000 5,000 21.0 2.3
Oklahoma, Age 55+ 19,000 3,000 22.8 3.1 2,000 1,100 2.3 1.4 14,000 3,000 16.9 2.8
Oregon, Age 55+ 14,000 3,000 22.9 4.3 2,000 1,100 3.1 1.7 13,000 3,000 21.6 3.4
Pennsylvania, Age 55+ 55,000 6,000 26.8 2.5 6,000 3,000 2.8 1.2 43,000 6,000 21.2 2.3
Rhode Island, Age 55+ 4,000 2,000 25.0 8.4 600 640 4.2 5.2 2,000 1,300 11.6 6.5
South Carolina, Age 55+ 19,000 3,000 20.3 2.9 3,000 1,000 3.2 1.2 15,000 3,000 16.6 2.7
South Dakota, Age 55+ 3,000 1,000 21.8 7.7 200 300 1.7 2.6 2,000 1,100 13.9 7.3
Tennessee, Age 55+ 29,000 4,000 22.9 2.7 3,000 1,000 2.3 0.9 30,000 4,000 23.2 2.8
Texas, Age 55+ 119,000 8,000 24.2 1.3 14,000 3,000 2.8 0.6 92,000 7,000 18.7 1.4
Utah, Age 55+ 5,000 1,000 16.4 4.1 900 600 2.9 2.2 8,000 2,000 25.5 5.7
Vermont, Age 55+ 4,000 2,000 37.7 13.3 50 150 0.5 1.3 2,000 2,000 22.4 12.2
Virginia, Age 55+ 26,000 4,000 21.0 2.6 3,000 2,000 2.7 1.3 29,000 4,000 23.5 3.2
Washington, Age 55+ 28,000 4,000 26.1 3.1 3,000 2,000 3.1 1.6 24,000 4,000 22.4 3.1
West Virginia, Age 55+ 9,000 2,000 20.3 4.3 1,000 1,000 3.1 1.9 10,000 2,000 23.5 4.9
Wisconsin, Age 55+ 14,000 3,000 18.5 3.5 2,000 1,700 2.1 1.9 17,000 4,000 22.6 3.9
Wyoming, Age 55+ 1,000 1,000 15.4 8.4 0 0 0.0 0.0 2,000 1,100 19.6 9.1
Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample, (2024), which is subject to sampling variability. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. Questions about self-care are not asked of individuals less than five years old and independent living is not asked of individuals less than 15 years old.
*Estimate either unavailable or too few sample observations.
Citation: Thomas, N., Kingsbury, S., Lansing, J., & Houtenville, A. (2026). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2026 (Table B.6). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.

Table B.7 Employment to Population Ratio - Civilians with and without Vision Disabilities Ages 55+ by Employment Status for the United States and States: 2024

Table B.7 Employment to Population Ratio - Civilians with and without Vision Disabilities Ages 55+ by Employment Status for the United States and States: 2024
State
Vision Dis.
No Vision Dis.
Employment - Vision Dis.
Employment - No Vision Dis.
Relative Ratio
# ME# # ME# # ME# % ME% # ME# % ME%
U.S., Age 55+ 5,214,000 55,000 97,633,000 62,000 911,000 25,000 17.5 0.5 38,083,000 105,000 39.0 0.1 0.4481
Alabama, Age 55+ 97,000 7,000 1,504,000 7,000 13,000 3,000 13.4 2.7 537,000 14,000 35.7 0.9 0.3741
Alaska, Age 55+ 11,000 2,000 181,000 4,000 2,000 2,000 22.2 11.6 69,000 5,000 38.2 2.7 0.5821
Arizona, Age 55+ 129,000 8,000 2,244,000 8,000 21,000 4,000 16.6 2.6 776,000 14,000 34.6 0.6 0.4801
Arkansas, Age 55+ 61,000 6,000 872,000 7,000 10,000 2,000 16.1 3.4 295,000 10,000 33.9 1.0 0.4741
California, Age 55+ 548,000 16,000 10,648,000 17,000 97,000 8,000 17.8 1.2 4,233,000 40,000 39.8 0.4 0.4471
Colorado, Age 55+ 74,000 7,000 1,575,000 8,000 14,000 3,000 18.3 3.4 636,000 14,000 40.4 0.9 0.4541
Connecticut, Age 55+ 49,000 5,000 1,166,000 6,000 9,000 2,000 18.9 4.1 518,000 10,000 44.4 0.8 0.4261
Delaware, Age 55+ 17,000 4,000 354,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 19.7 8.0 131,000 7,000 37.2 1.7 0.5301
District of Columbia, Age 55+ 9,000 3,000 145,000 3,000 2,000 2,000 28.7 13.8 61,000 5,000 41.6 2.9 0.6901
Florida, Age 55+ 415,000 14,000 7,729,000 15,000 63,000 7,000 15.2 1.5 2,796,000 27,000 36.2 0.4 0.4211
Georgia, Age 55+ 171,000 10,000 2,938,000 12,000 33,000 5,000 19.5 2.5 1,177,000 16,000 40.0 0.6 0.4871
Hawaii, Age 55+ 19,000 3,000 466,000 3,000 3,000 2,000 17.3 7.7 186,000 6,000 39.9 1.3 0.4341
Idaho, Age 55+ 28,000 4,000 555,000 5,000 5,000 2,000 18.9 4.2 200,000 6,000 36.1 1.1 0.5251
Illinois, Age 55+ 178,000 9,000 3,660,000 10,000 29,000 4,000 16.2 1.8 1,465,000 18,000 40.0 0.5 0.4041
Indiana, Age 55+ 103,000 8,000 1,946,000 10,000 16,000 3,000 16.0 2.7 761,000 15,000 39.1 0.7 0.4101
Iowa, Age 55+ 42,000 5,000 956,000 7,000 9,000 3,000 20.8 5.3 379,000 11,000 39.7 1.1 0.5231
Kansas, Age 55+ 42,000 5,000 833,000 6,000 8,000 2,000 18.9 4.2 340,000 10,000 40.7 1.2 0.4631
Kentucky, Age 55+ 93,000 7,000 1,310,000 8,000 12,000 3,000 12.8 2.5 456,000 12,000 34.8 0.8 0.3681
Louisiana, Age 55+ 92,000 7,000 1,278,000 7,000 15,000 3,000 16.9 2.7 457,000 13,000 35.7 1.0 0.4731
Maine, Age 55+ 21,000 4,000 514,000 5,000 4,000 2,000 21.7 7.5 198,000 9,000 38.6 1.7 0.5621
Maryland, Age 55+ 89,000 7,000 1,823,000 7,000 20,000 4,000 22.6 3.9 830,000 14,000 45.5 0.7 0.4961
Massachusetts, Age 55+ 93,000 7,000 2,177,000 7,000 15,000 3,000 16.0 2.5 964,000 14,000 44.3 0.7 0.3621
Michigan, Age 55+ 143,000 9,000 3,166,000 12,000 19,000 3,000 13.3 2.2 1,135,000 17,000 35.9 0.6 0.3721
Minnesota, Age 55+ 58,000 5,000 1,707,000 9,000 10,000 3,000 16.9 4.7 704,000 13,000 41.2 0.7 0.4091
Mississippi, Age 55+ 70,000 6,000 822,000 7,000 12,000 2,000 17.4 3.1 289,000 9,000 35.1 1.1 0.4941
Missouri, Age 55+ 94,000 7,000 1,850,000 9,000 18,000 4,000 19.4 3.8 688,000 14,000 37.2 0.7 0.5221
Montana, Age 55+ 19,000 4,000 358,000 5,000 4,000 2,000 20.5 6.4 132,000 7,000 37.0 1.8 0.5541
Nebraska, Age 55+ 24,000 3,000 553,000 5,000 6,000 2,000 25.1 8.4 230,000 8,000 41.7 1.3 0.6021
Nevada, Age 55+ 59,000 6,000 918,000 6,000 16,000 3,000 26.5 3.9 338,000 11,000 36.9 1.2 0.7191
New Hampshire, Age 55+ 24,000 4,000 489,000 4,000 5,000 2,000 22.3 7.4 218,000 8,000 44.5 1.5 0.5011
New Jersey, Age 55+ 128,000 8,000 2,825,000 8,000 27,000 3,000 21.2 2.4 1,257,000 16,000 44.5 0.6 0.4761
New Mexico, Age 55+ 49,000 5,000 635,000 6,000 8,000 2,000 16.8 4.3 212,000 8,000 33.4 1.3 0.5031
New York, Age 55+ 317,000 15,000 6,010,000 17,000 56,000 6,000 17.7 1.6 2,366,000 23,000 39.4 0.4 0.4511
North Carolina, Age 55+ 177,000 10,000 3,175,000 11,000 30,000 5,000 17.1 2.2 1,221,000 17,000 38.4 0.6 0.4451
North Dakota, Age 55+ 11,000 3,000 217,000 5,000 1,000 1,000 12.4 7.3 88,000 6,000 40.5 2.6 0.3071
Ohio, Age 55+ 175,000 10,000 3,595,000 11,000 27,000 5,000 15.2 2.0 1,381,000 19,000 38.4 0.5 0.3971
Oklahoma, Age 55+ 85,000 7,000 1,076,000 8,000 16,000 3,000 18.8 3.2 401,000 13,000 37.2 1.2 0.5051
Oregon, Age 55+ 62,000 5,000 1,290,000 6,000 11,000 3,000 17.5 3.4 440,000 11,000 34.2 0.9 0.5111
Pennsylvania, Age 55+ 204,000 11,000 4,166,000 15,000 31,000 4,000 15.3 1.5 1,614,000 22,000 38.7 0.5 0.3951
Rhode Island, Age 55+ 15,000 3,000 355,000 3,000 3,000 1,000 19.6 7.9 146,000 6,000 41.1 1.7 0.4781
South Carolina, Age 55+ 93,000 7,000 1,689,000 8,000 16,000 3,000 17.3 3.1 603,000 12,000 35.7 0.7 0.4841
South Dakota, Age 55+ 13,000 3,000 273,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 19.6 9.0 113,000 6,000 41.5 2.1 0.4721
Tennessee, Age 55+ 128,000 8,000 2,055,000 11,000 22,000 4,000 16.9 2.8 799,000 16,000 38.9 0.7 0.4361
Texas, Age 55+ 492,000 14,000 7,246,000 16,000 94,000 7,000 19.1 1.4 3,009,000 26,000 41.5 0.4 0.4611
Utah, Age 55+ 30,000 4,000 716,000 6,000 6,000 2,000 19.6 5.2 299,000 10,000 41.8 1.3 0.4691
Vermont, Age 55+ 11,000 3,000 228,000 4,000 2,000 1,400 17.0 9.9 101,000 6,000 44.2 2.1 0.3851
Virginia, Age 55+ 122,000 8,000 2,519,000 10,000 22,000 3,000 17.8 2.3 1,046,000 15,000 41.5 0.6 0.4281
Washington, Age 55+ 108,000 7,000 2,187,000 7,000 17,000 3,000 16.1 2.7 816,000 16,000 37.3 0.7 0.4301
West Virginia, Age 55+ 43,000 5,000 575,000 6,000 5,000 2,000 12.7 3.8 177,000 8,000 30.7 1.3 0.4121
Wisconsin, Age 55+ 73,000 7,000 1,885,000 9,000 15,000 4,000 20.7 4.9 729,000 18,000 38.7 0.9 0.5341
Wyoming, Age 55+ 10,000 3,000 178,000 3,000 2,000 1,300 16.8 9.5 66,000 5,000 37.0 2.2 0.4541
Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample, (2024), which is subject to sampling variability. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. The relative ratio is the ratio of the percentage of people with vision disability employed over the percentage of people without vision disability employed. Therefore, a relative ratio further from 1.000 indicates a greater disparity in employment percentage.
Citation: Thomas, N., Kingsbury, S., Lansing, J., & Houtenville, A. (2026). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2026 (Table B.7). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.
1 Relative ratio is statistically different than 1.0 with 95% confidence.

Table B.8 Earnings - Annual Median Earnings Full-Time, Full-Year Civilian Workers Ages 55+ with and without Disabilities (in 2024 Inflation-Adjusted Dollars): 2024

Table B.8 Earnings - Annual Median Earnings Full-Time, Full-Year Civilian Workers Ages 55+ with and without Disabilities (in 2024 Inflation-Adjusted Dollars): 2024
State
Total
Vision Disability
No Vision Disability
Gap $ P-Value
$ ME$ $ ME$ $ ME$
U.S., Age 55+ 60,915 1,015 48,732 2,030 60,915 1,015 −12,183 0.001
Alabama, Age 55+ 50,762 2,030 42,640 6,092 50,762 2,030 −8,122 0.001
Alaska, Age 55+ 60,915 7,107 50,762 20,305 62,946 6,092 −12,183 0.14
Arizona, Age 55+ 57,869 2,030 45,686 5,076 58,884 2,030 −13,198 0.001
Arkansas, Age 55+ 49,747 1,015 45,686 5,584 49,747 1,015 −4,061 0.51
California, Age 55+ 65,991 2,030 54,824 6,092 65,991 2,030 −11,168 0.001
Colorado, Age 55+ 71,068 2,030 54,824 11,168 71,068 2,030 −16,244 0.001
Connecticut, Age 55+ 71,068 2,030 56,854 9,137 71,068 2,030 −14,214 0.001
Delaware, Age 55+ 60,915 5,076 51,778 34,518 60,915 5,076 −9,137 0.75
District of Columbia, Age 55+ 101,525 8,122 81,220 30,458 101,525 8,122 −20,305 0.15
Florida, Age 55+ 51,778 1,015 48,935 3,249 51,778 1,015 −2,843 0.001
Georgia, Age 55+ 55,839 1,015 47,108 4,467 55,839 1,015 −8,731 0.001
Hawaii, Age 55+ 57,869 3,046 55,839 27,412 57,869 3,046 −2,030 0.93
Idaho, Age 55+ 55,839 3,046 46,702 8,122 55,839 3,046 −9,137 0.021
Illinois, Age 55+ 62,946 2,030 49,747 6,092 62,946 2,030 −13,198 0.001
Indiana, Age 55+ 55,839 2,030 48,529 3,858 55,839 2,030 −7,310 0.001
Iowa, Age 55+ 55,839 2,030 55,839 8,122 55,839 2,030 0 0.73
Kansas, Age 55+ 55,839 2,030 41,625 9,137 55,839 2,030 −14,214 0.001
Kentucky, Age 55+ 51,778 1,015 43,656 5,076 52,793 2,030 −9,137 0.001
Louisiana, Age 55+ 50,762 2,030 40,610 8,122 50,762 2,030 −10,152 0.001
Maine, Age 55+ 56,854 4,061 46,702 24,366 57,869 3,046 −11,168 0.011
Maryland, Age 55+ 73,098 3,046 71,068 10,152 73,098 3,046 −2,030 0.28
Massachusetts, Age 55+ 76,144 3,046 50,762 10,152 76,144 3,046 −25,381 0.001
Michigan, Age 55+ 58,884 2,030 42,539 5,990 58,884 2,030 −16,346 0.001
Minnesota, Age 55+ 65,991 3,046 50,762 15,229 65,991 3,046 −15,229 0.011
Mississippi, Age 55+ 48,732 2,030 40,610 10,152 48,732 2,030 −8,122 0.001
Missouri, Age 55+ 53,808 2,030 42,742 8,020 54,824 1,015 −12,081 0.001
Montana, Age 55+ 50,762 4,061 36,549 9,137 50,762 4,061 −14,214 0.001
Nebraska, Age 55+ 54,824 1,015 50,762 12,183 54,824 1,015 −4,061 0.60
Nevada, Age 55+ 52,793 2,030 42,234 6,498 52,793 3,046 −10,559 0.001
New Hampshire, Age 55+ 65,991 4,061 54,824 11,168 65,991 4,061 −11,168 0.011
New Jersey, Age 55+ 71,068 2,030 52,793 8,122 71,068 2,030 −18,274 0.001
New Mexico, Age 55+ 50,762 3,046 45,686 17,259 50,762 3,046 −5,076 0.45
New York, Age 55+ 67,006 1,015 52,793 4,061 68,022 1,015 −15,229 0.001
North Carolina, Age 55+ 55,839 1,015 45,686 5,076 55,839 1,015 −10,152 0.001
North Dakota, Age 55+ 57,869 3,046 55,839 9,340 57,869 3,046 −2,030 0.76
Ohio, Age 55+ 57,869 1,015 42,640 8,122 57,869 1,015 −15,229 0.001
Oklahoma, Age 55+ 50,762 2,030 48,732 6,599 50,762 2,030 −2,030 0.44
Oregon, Age 55+ 60,915 3,046 45,686 7,107 61,930 2,030 −16,244 0.001
Pennsylvania, Age 55+ 60,915 2,030 45,686 5,076 60,915 2,030 −15,229 0.001
Rhode Island, Age 55+ 65,991 4,061 42,640 23,351 65,991 4,061 −23,351 0.09
South Carolina, Age 55+ 52,793 2,030 48,732 7,107 52,793 2,030 −4,061 0.13
South Dakota, Age 55+ 50,762 3,046 65,991 15,229 50,762 3,046 15,229 0.41
Tennessee, Age 55+ 52,793 2,030 45,686 5,076 52,793 2,030 −7,107 0.011
Texas, Age 55+ 55,839 1,015 43,656 3,046 55,839 1,015 −12,183 0.001
Utah, Age 55+ 60,915 3,046 48,732 4,061 60,915 3,046 −12,183 0.001
Vermont, Age 55+ 60,915 5,076 38,580 42,640 60,915 5,076 −22,336 0.19
Virginia, Age 55+ 65,991 2,030 50,762 9,137 65,991 2,030 −15,229 0.001
Washington, Age 55+ 73,098 3,046 55,839 7,107 74,113 2,030 −18,274 0.001
West Virginia, Age 55+ 50,762 3,046 36,955 7,716 50,762 3,046 −13,807 0.001
Wisconsin, Age 55+ 58,884 2,030 48,732 12,183 58,884 2,030 −10,152 0.07
Wyoming, Age 55+ 54,824 4,061 55,839 20,305 54,824 4,061 1,015 0.83
Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample, (2024), which is subject to sampling variability. A person is considered a full-time, full-year worker if they worked 35 hours of more per week for 50 to 52 weeks in the past 12 months. Rank Score test p-values are based on the wage gap. The smaller the p-value, the more certain the estimated gap is different than zero.
Citation: Thomas, N., Kingsbury, S., Lansing, J., & Houtenville, A. (Eds.) (2026). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2026 (Table B.8). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.
1 Gap is statistically different than 0.0 with 95% confidence.

Table B.9 Poverty - Civilians with and without Vision Disabilities Ages 55+ and Experiencing Poverty for the United States and States: 2024

Table B.9 Poverty - Civilians with and without Vision Disabilities Ages 55+ and Experiencing Poverty for the United States and States: 2024
State
Poverty - Vision Dis.
Poverty - No Vision Dis.
Relative Ratio
# ME# % ME% # ME# % ME%
U.S., Age 55+ 1,073,000 27,000 20.6 0.5 10,039,000 69,000 10.3 0.1 2.0011
Alabama, Age 55+ 21,000 3,000 21.6 2.8 186,000 9,000 12.4 0.6 1.7481
Alaska, Age 55+ 1,000 1,000 11.4 10.4 16,000 3,000 8.7 1.7 1.313
Arizona, Age 55+ 23,000 4,000 18.2 2.3 220,000 12,000 9.8 0.5 1.8471
Arkansas, Age 55+ 14,000 3,000 22.3 3.4 109,000 8,000 12.5 0.9 1.7841
California, Age 55+ 110,000 8,000 20.1 1.3 1,137,000 26,000 10.7 0.3 1.8851
Colorado, Age 55+ 13,000 3,000 17.9 3.2 131,000 9,000 8.3 0.6 2.1501
Connecticut, Age 55+ 11,000 3,000 21.8 5.2 100,000 9,000 8.6 0.7 2.5461
Delaware, Age 55+ 4,000 2,000 21.2 8.3 28,000 4,000 7.8 1.0 2.7151
District of Columbia, Age 55+ 3,000 2,000 35.3 15.8 23,000 4,000 16.1 2.7 2.191
Florida, Age 55+ 81,000 7,000 19.6 1.5 828,000 22,000 10.7 0.3 1.8331
Georgia, Age 55+ 38,000 5,000 22.1 2.2 316,000 12,000 10.7 0.4 2.0541
Hawaii, Age 55+ 3,000 1,000 16.3 7.6 42,000 5,000 9.0 1.0 1.811
Idaho, Age 55+ 4,000 1,000 14.5 4.0 49,000 6,000 8.9 1.0 1.6341
Illinois, Age 55+ 38,000 6,000 21.2 2.9 371,000 16,000 10.1 0.5 2.0921
Indiana, Age 55+ 18,000 4,000 17.8 3.0 181,000 10,000 9.3 0.5 1.9151
Iowa, Age 55+ 6,000 2,000 14.8 4.7 75,000 6,000 7.8 0.7 1.8971
Kansas, Age 55+ 6,000 2,000 13.9 3.7 68,000 7,000 8.2 0.8 1.6921
Kentucky, Age 55+ 21,000 4,000 23.2 3.9 162,000 9,000 12.4 0.7 1.8741
Louisiana, Age 55+ 24,000 4,000 26.4 3.4 190,000 11,000 14.8 0.8 1.7761
Maine, Age 55+ 4,000 2,000 20.4 6.4 51,000 6,000 9.8 1.2 2.0761
Maryland, Age 55+ 16,000 3,000 18.3 3.2 155,000 9,000 8.5 0.5 2.1531
Massachusetts, Age 55+ 18,000 4,000 19.8 3.5 206,000 12,000 9.4 0.6 2.1021
Michigan, Age 55+ 31,000 6,000 21.9 3.2 338,000 16,000 10.7 0.5 2.0521
Minnesota, Age 55+ 11,000 3,000 18.6 3.9 149,000 10,000 8.7 0.6 2.1301
Mississippi, Age 55+ 17,000 3,000 23.8 3.7 113,000 7,000 13.7 0.9 1.7351
Missouri, Age 55+ 20,000 3,000 21.2 3.4 192,000 11,000 10.4 0.6 2.0451
Montana, Age 55+ 3,000 1,000 15.8 6.9 33,000 5,000 9.2 1.3 1.722
Nebraska, Age 55+ 3,000 2,000 14.2 5.7 55,000 7,000 9.9 1.2 1.441
Nevada, Age 55+ 9,000 2,000 14.7 2.7 99,000 9,000 10.8 1.0 1.3611
New Hampshire, Age 55+ 4,000 2,000 16.7 7.1 35,000 5,000 7.1 1.0 2.365
New Jersey, Age 55+ 21,000 4,000 16.8 2.9 234,000 13,000 8.3 0.4 2.0191
New Mexico, Age 55+ 11,000 3,000 23.1 5.2 90,000 9,000 14.2 1.3 1.6211
New York, Age 55+ 88,000 8,000 27.6 2.0 767,000 22,000 12.8 0.4 2.1661
North Carolina, Age 55+ 37,000 5,000 20.7 2.5 320,000 14,000 10.1 0.5 2.0561
North Dakota, Age 55+ 2,000 1,000 18.9 8.4 18,000 4,000 8.5 1.6 2.218
Ohio, Age 55+ 31,000 5,000 18.0 2.2 367,000 15,000 10.2 0.4 1.7681
Oklahoma, Age 55+ 18,000 3,000 21.4 3.3 117,000 7,000 10.8 0.7 1.9751
Oregon, Age 55+ 13,000 3,000 20.8 4.0 135,000 10,000 10.4 0.8 1.9941
Pennsylvania, Age 55+ 43,000 6,000 21.2 2.6 391,000 18,000 9.4 0.4 2.2561
Rhode Island, Age 55+ 2,000 1,000 15.8 7.0 38,000 5,000 10.7 1.2 1.478
South Carolina, Age 55+ 17,000 3,000 18.5 2.8 178,000 11,000 10.5 0.7 1.7541
South Dakota, Age 55+ 3,000 2,000 24.6 9.0 26,000 4,000 9.4 1.5 2.6101
Tennessee, Age 55+ 24,000 4,000 18.8 2.5 214,000 10,000 10.4 0.5 1.8111
Texas, Age 55+ 108,000 7,000 22.0 1.3 768,000 26,000 10.6 0.4 2.0781
Utah, Age 55+ 4,000 2,000 11.9 3.7 50,000 6,000 7.0 0.8 1.6881
Vermont, Age 55+ 1,000 1,000 10.1 8.9 16,000 3,000 7.1 1.4 1.418
Virginia, Age 55+ 23,000 4,000 18.4 2.8 210,000 11,000 8.3 0.5 2.2081
Washington, Age 55+ 22,000 3,000 20.3 2.7 192,000 10,000 8.8 0.5 2.3181
West Virginia, Age 55+ 11,000 2,000 25.2 4.9 72,000 7,000 12.6 1.2 2.0041
Wisconsin, Age 55+ 14,000 4,000 18.7 4.2 165,000 13,000 8.8 0.6 2.1281
Wyoming, Age 55+ 2,000 1,000 22.1 9.7 15,000 4,000 8.5 2.1 2.597
Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample, (2024), which is subject to sampling variability. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. The relative ratio is the ratio of the percentage of people with vision disability living in poverty over the percentage of people without vision disability living in poverty. Therefore, a relative ratio further from 1.000 indicates a greater disparity in poverty percentage.
Citation: Thomas, N., Kingsbury, S., Lansing, J., & Houtenville, A. (2026). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2026 (Table B.9). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.
1 Relative ratio is statistically different than 1.0 with 95% confidence.

Table B.10 Technology Access - Civilians with and without Vision Disabilities Ages 55+ in a Home Environment that Lacks Internet Access for the United States and States: 2024

Table B.10 Technology Access - Civilians with and without Vision Disabilities Ages 55+ in a Home Environment that Lacks Internet Access for the United States and States: 2024
State
In a Home Environment that Lacks Internet Access - Vision Dis.
In a Home Environment that Lacks Internet Access - No Vision Dis.
Relative Ratio
# ME# % ME% # ME# % ME%
U.S., Age 55+ 971,000 21,000 18.6 0.4 7,550,000 59,000 7.7 0.1 2.4081
Alabama, Age 55+ 18,000 3,000 18.5 2.6 144,000 8,000 9.6 0.6 1.9361
Alaska, Age 55+ 2,000 1,000 15.2 5.5 14,000 4,000 7.7 2.6 1.969
Arizona, Age 55+ 21,000 3,000 16.1 2.1 143,000 10,000 6.4 0.4 2.5271
Arkansas, Age 55+ 13,000 2,000 21.6 3.3 90,000 7,000 10.3 0.8 2.0891
California, Age 55+ 84,000 7,000 15.4 1.3 653,000 19,000 6.1 0.2 2.5131
Colorado, Age 55+ 11,000 2,000 14.7 2.6 84,000 7,000 5.3 0.4 2.7711
Connecticut, Age 55+ 10,000 3,000 20.6 5.0 80,000 7,000 6.9 0.6 3.0121
Delaware, Age 55+ 2,000 1,000 13.1 5.5 19,000 3,000 5.3 1.0 2.4631
District of Columbia, Age 55+ 2,000 1,500 22.1 14.6 18,000 4,000 12.6 2.4 1.753
Florida, Age 55+ 67,000 6,000 16.2 1.3 410,000 16,000 5.3 0.2 3.0441
Georgia, Age 55+ 28,000 3,000 16.5 1.8 211,000 11,000 7.2 0.4 2.3021
Hawaii, Age 55+ 2,000 1,000 9.3 3.3 31,000 5,000 6.6 1.1 1.415
Idaho, Age 55+ 4,000 1,000 15.3 3.2 38,000 5,000 6.9 0.8 2.2071
Illinois, Age 55+ 34,000 5,000 19.3 2.2 309,000 12,000 8.5 0.4 2.2851
Indiana, Age 55+ 21,000 3,000 20.2 2.3 191,000 11,000 9.8 0.6 2.0561
Iowa, Age 55+ 9,000 2,000 21.9 4.9 94,000 7,000 9.9 0.7 2.2161
Kansas, Age 55+ 10,000 2,000 23.2 3.6 79,000 6,000 9.5 0.7 2.4481
Kentucky, Age 55+ 18,000 2,000 19.5 2.5 142,000 9,000 10.8 0.7 1.8061
Louisiana, Age 55+ 20,000 3,000 21.5 2.8 152,000 10,000 11.9 0.8 1.8041
Maine, Age 55+ 4,000 2,000 20.9 6.3 42,000 5,000 8.2 1.0 2.5361
Maryland, Age 55+ 15,000 3,000 17.3 3.1 111,000 8,000 6.1 0.4 2.8551
Massachusetts, Age 55+ 25,000 4,000 27.2 3.1 149,000 9,000 6.8 0.4 3.9891
Michigan, Age 55+ 28,000 4,000 19.5 2.5 254,000 12,000 8.0 0.4 2.4381
Minnesota, Age 55+ 13,000 2,000 22.6 4.2 135,000 8,000 7.9 0.5 2.8511
Mississippi, Age 55+ 12,000 3,000 17.3 3.4 105,000 7,000 12.8 0.9 1.3541
Missouri, Age 55+ 17,000 3,000 18.2 3.0 181,000 8,000 9.8 0.4 1.8581
Montana, Age 55+ 5,000 2,000 26.4 8.3 33,000 4,000 9.1 1.2 2.8881
Nebraska, Age 55+ 6,000 2,000 23.4 5.4 56,000 5,000 10.2 0.9 2.2991
Nevada, Age 55+ 6,000 2,000 10.0 3.6 45,000 4,000 4.9 0.5 2.0221
New Hampshire, Age 55+ 3,000 1,000 14.3 3.6 24,000 3,000 4.9 0.6 2.9301
New Jersey, Age 55+ 20,000 3,000 15.9 2.3 174,000 10,000 6.1 0.4 2.5861
New Mexico, Age 55+ 9,000 2,000 18.0 3.9 65,000 7,000 10.3 1.0 1.7451
New York, Age 55+ 63,000 5,000 19.8 1.6 506,000 18,000 8.4 0.3 2.3531
North Carolina, Age 55+ 33,000 4,000 18.6 2.3 243,000 11,000 7.7 0.4 2.4311
North Dakota, Age 55+ 3,000 2,000 32.6 10.8 27,000 5,000 12.7 2.0 2.5731
Ohio, Age 55+ 37,000 4,000 21.4 2.2 331,000 13,000 9.2 0.4 2.3261
Oklahoma, Age 55+ 18,000 3,000 20.7 2.7 102,000 7,000 9.4 0.7 2.1961
Oregon, Age 55+ 11,000 3,000 16.9 3.2 96,000 7,000 7.5 0.5 2.2631
Pennsylvania, Age 55+ 47,000 6,000 22.9 2.4 426,000 14,000 10.2 0.3 2.2451
Rhode Island, Age 55+ 3,000 1,000 21.4 7.2 30,000 4,000 8.5 1.0 2.5101
South Carolina, Age 55+ 16,000 3,000 17.0 2.7 136,000 7,000 8.1 0.5 2.1141
South Dakota, Age 55+ 5,000 2,000 36.4 7.8 30,000 3,000 11.1 1.1 3.2921
Tennessee, Age 55+ 28,000 3,000 21.7 2.4 184,000 10,000 9.0 0.5 2.4241
Texas, Age 55+ 92,000 6,000 18.7 1.2 536,000 18,000 7.4 0.3 2.5331
Utah, Age 55+ 5,000 1,000 16.7 3.5 35,000 5,000 4.8 0.7 3.4531
Vermont, Age 55+ 3,000 2,000 23.6 10.8 18,000 3,000 7.7 1.2 3.069
Virginia, Age 55+ 24,000 3,000 19.5 2.5 203,000 10,000 8.0 0.4 2.4261
Washington, Age 55+ 18,000 3,000 16.9 2.3 120,000 8,000 5.5 0.3 3.0801
West Virginia, Age 55+ 9,000 2,000 20.7 4.5 66,000 5,000 11.5 0.9 1.8041
Wisconsin, Age 55+ 15,000 3,000 20.5 3.3 168,000 11,000 8.9 0.5 2.3061
Wyoming, Age 55+ 2,000 1,000 18.5 8.4 18,000 3,000 10.3 1.7 1.798
Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample, (2024), which is subject to sampling variability. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. The relative ratio is the ratio of the percentage of people with vision disability in a home environment that lacks internet access over the percentage of people without vision disability in a home environment that lacks internet access. Therefore, a relative ratio further from 1.000 indicates a greater disparity in a home environment that lacks internet access percentage.
*Estimate either unavailable or too few sample observations.
Citation: Thomas, N., Kingsbury, S., Lansing, J., & Houtenville, A. (Eds.) (2026). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2026 (Table B.10). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.
1 Relative ratio is statistically different than 1.0 with 95% confidence.

Table B.11 Technology Access - Civilians with and without Vision Disabilities Ages 55+ in a Home Environment that Lacks High Speed Internet Access for the United States and States: 2024

Table B.11 Technology Access - Civilians with and without Vision Disabilities Ages 55+ in a Home Environment that Lacks High Speed Internet Access for the United States and States: 2024
State
In a Home Environment that Lacks High Speed Internet Access - Vision Dis.
In a Home Environment that Lacks High Speed Internet Access - No Vision Dis.
Relative Ratio
# ME# % ME% # ME# % ME%
U.S., Age 55+ 1,018,000 26,000 25.0 0.6 17,508,000 108,000 19.9 0.1 1.2601
Alabama, Age 55+ 20,000 3,000 26.2 3.3 324,000 13,000 24.4 1.0 1.074
Alaska, Age 55+ 5,000 2,000 49.8 12.6 46,000 5,000 27.8 3.3 1.7871
Arizona, Age 55+ 30,000 4,000 29.1 3.4 455,000 15,000 22.2 0.7 1.3141
Arkansas, Age 55+ 14,000 3,000 29.8 4.3 204,000 12,000 26.6 1.4 1.119
California, Age 55+ 103,000 8,000 23.0 1.4 1,828,000 37,000 18.6 0.4 1.2341
Colorado, Age 55+ 14,000 3,000 22.7 4.2 268,000 14,000 18.3 0.9 1.2391
Connecticut, Age 55+ 10,000 3,000 25.5 5.3 152,000 11,000 14.2 1.0 1.7951
Delaware, Age 55+ 2,000 1,000 14.7 7.0 52,000 5,000 15.8 1.6 0.929
District of Columbia, Age 55+ 1,000 1,000 21.8 15.1 25,000 5,000 21.0 3.3 1.039
Florida, Age 55+ 74,000 8,000 22.2 2.2 1,272,000 30,000 17.9 0.4 1.2421
Georgia, Age 55+ 34,000 4,000 24.5 2.7 504,000 15,000 18.9 0.5 1.2971
Hawaii, Age 55+ 4,000 2,000 21.8 8.5 65,000 7,000 15.2 1.7 1.433
Idaho, Age 55+ 7,000 2,000 28.3 7.2 127,000 9,000 25.4 1.6 1.113
Illinois, Age 55+ 41,000 5,000 30.2 3.4 726,000 27,000 22.1 0.9 1.3631
Indiana, Age 55+ 22,000 4,000 28.2 4.0 379,000 16,000 22.1 0.9 1.2761
Iowa, Age 55+ 9,000 3,000 29.6 8.3 189,000 13,000 22.7 1.5 1.303
Kansas, Age 55+ 8,000 3,000 24.9 7.0 164,000 11,000 22.2 1.5 1.118
Kentucky, Age 55+ 19,000 4,000 25.8 4.0 253,000 14,000 22.2 1.2 1.165
Louisiana, Age 55+ 21,000 4,000 31.5 4.2 281,000 12,000 25.6 1.1 1.2341
Maine, Age 55+ 3,000 1,000 19.4 8.2 80,000 8,000 17.2 1.6 1.129
Maryland, Age 55+ 15,000 4,000 21.4 4.4 270,000 13,000 16.1 0.7 1.3301
Massachusetts, Age 55+ 13,000 3,000 20.4 3.5 282,000 13,000 14.2 0.7 1.4381
Michigan, Age 55+ 30,000 5,000 27.0 3.3 648,000 21,000 22.7 0.8 1.1891
Minnesota, Age 55+ 10,000 3,000 24.6 6.5 300,000 15,000 19.7 0.9 1.251
Mississippi, Age 55+ 16,000 3,000 32.1 5.1 194,000 12,000 28.1 1.6 1.144
Missouri, Age 55+ 23,000 4,000 31.3 4.4 409,000 16,000 25.2 1.0 1.2451
Montana, Age 55+ 5,000 3,000 37.6 14.1 95,000 7,000 29.9 2.3 1.258
Nebraska, Age 55+ 4,000 2,000 20.9 7.8 106,000 7,000 22.0 1.4 0.950
Nevada, Age 55+ 14,000 3,000 27.2 5.2 172,000 11,000 20.1 1.2 1.3501
New Hampshire, Age 55+ 4,000 2,000 19.6 7.9 53,000 6,000 11.6 1.3 1.685
New Jersey, Age 55+ 17,000 3,000 16.4 2.6 403,000 16,000 15.5 0.6 1.061
New Mexico, Age 55+ 14,000 4,000 36.3 7.6 140,000 11,000 25.3 1.9 1.4341
New York, Age 55+ 53,000 7,000 21.5 2.4 954,000 29,000 17.7 0.5 1.2171
North Carolina, Age 55+ 35,000 5,000 24.8 2.7 527,000 17,000 18.3 0.6 1.3531
North Dakota, Age 55+ 1,000 1,000 17.7 10.8 31,000 5,000 16.8 2.4 1.057
Ohio, Age 55+ 29,000 4,000 22.3 3.0 637,000 20,000 20.0 0.6 1.113
Oklahoma, Age 55+ 23,000 3,000 36.6 4.1 248,000 11,000 26.1 1.2 1.4011
Oregon, Age 55+ 13,000 3,000 26.9 5.3 241,000 12,000 20.7 1.0 1.2961
Pennsylvania, Age 55+ 40,000 6,000 26.1 3.6 733,000 25,000 19.9 0.7 1.3161
Rhode Island, Age 55+ 3,000 2,000 21.9 8.5 58,000 7,000 18.2 2.2 1.204
South Carolina, Age 55+ 17,000 4,000 22.3 4.3 286,000 13,000 18.8 0.9 1.184
South Dakota, Age 55+ 900 500 12.2 6.4 42,000 6,000 17.8 2.3 0.6841
Tennessee, Age 55+ 22,000 4,000 23.1 3.9 366,000 15,000 19.9 0.8 1.160
Texas, Age 55+ 108,000 8,000 28.0 1.8 1,446,000 31,000 22.0 0.5 1.2731
Utah, Age 55+ 4,000 1,000 16.8 5.4 123,000 9,000 18.5 1.4 0.907
Vermont, Age 55+ 2,000 1,900 22.1 18.0 38,000 6,000 18.4 3.1 1.197
Virginia, Age 55+ 23,000 3,000 24.1 3.3 438,000 15,000 19.3 0.6 1.2521
Washington, Age 55+ 20,000 3,000 23.1 3.0 370,000 18,000 18.3 0.9 1.2631
West Virginia, Age 55+ 9,000 3,000 27.2 7.5 115,000 9,000 23.1 1.8 1.179
Wisconsin, Age 55+ 10,000 3,000 18.8 3.7 347,000 16,000 20.7 0.9 0.910
Wyoming, Age 55+ 3,000 1,000 37.7 12.4 43,000 5,000 27.8 3.0 1.352
Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample, (2024), which is subject to sampling variability. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. The relative ratio is the ratio of the percentage of people with vision disability in a home environment that lacks high speed internet access over the percentage of people without vision disability in a home environment that high speed internet access. Therefore, a relative ratio further from 1.000 indicates a greater disparity in a home environment that lacks high speed internet access percentage.
*Estimate either unavailable or too few sample observations.
Citation: Thomas, N., Kingsbury, S., Lansing, J., & Houtenville, A. (Eds.) (2026). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2026 (Table B.11). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.
1 Relative ratio is statistically different than 1.0 with 95% confidence.

Table B.12 Technology Access - Civilians with and without Vision Disabilities Ages 55+ in a Home Environment that Lacks a Computer for the United States and States: 2024

Table B.12 Technology Access - Civilians with and without Vision Disabilities Ages 55+ in a Home Environment that Lacks a Computer for the United States and States: 2024
State
In a Home Environment that Lacks a Computer - Vision Dis.
In a Home Environment that Lacks a Computer - No Vision Dis.
Relative Ratio
# ME# % ME% # ME# % ME%
U.S., Age 55+ 1,740,000 34,000 36.0 0.6 19,786,000 91,000 20.7 0.1 1.7361
Alabama, Age 55+ 40,000 5,000 43.2 3.8 429,000 16,000 29.2 1.0 1.4821
Alaska, Age 55+ 4,000 2,000 43.4 12.5 32,000 5,000 18.0 2.6 2.4091
Arizona, Age 55+ 37,000 5,000 30.2 2.9 371,000 16,000 16.8 0.7 1.7951
Arkansas, Age 55+ 25,000 4,000 43.2 5.1 260,000 13,000 30.5 1.5 1.4181
California, Age 55+ 156,000 11,000 30.5 1.9 1,817,000 27,000 17.5 0.3 1.7471
Colorado, Age 55+ 17,000 3,000 25.3 3.7 212,000 11,000 13.7 0.7 1.8491
Connecticut, Age 55+ 17,000 4,000 36.6 5.5 214,000 13,000 18.7 1.1 1.9561
Delaware, Age 55+ 5,000 2,000 28.3 9.5 61,000 7,000 17.3 2.0 1.6321
District of Columbia, Age 55+ 2,000 2,000 28.6 15.8 32,000 5,000 22.9 3.6 1.249
Florida, Age 55+ 111,000 8,000 29.0 1.9 1,372,000 31,000 18.1 0.4 1.6081
Georgia, Age 55+ 58,000 6,000 36.1 2.6 576,000 20,000 19.9 0.7 1.8101
Hawaii, Age 55+ 6,000 2,000 35.2 7.7 85,000 9,000 18.6 1.8 1.8961
Idaho, Age 55+ 7,000 2,000 26.1 6.3 91,000 9,000 16.8 1.5 1.5581
Illinois, Age 55+ 60,000 6,000 36.6 3.1 781,000 25,000 21.9 0.7 1.6751
Indiana, Age 55+ 36,000 5,000 37.7 3.4 460,000 16,000 24.2 0.9 1.5551
Iowa, Age 55+ 16,000 4,000 43.6 7.3 223,000 14,000 24.0 1.5 1.8121
Kansas, Age 55+ 12,000 2,000 32.1 4.8 179,000 10,000 22.0 1.3 1.4581
Kentucky, Age 55+ 37,000 5,000 42.8 4.5 381,000 14,000 29.7 1.1 1.4401
Louisiana, Age 55+ 41,000 5,000 48.7 3.9 399,000 14,000 31.9 1.1 1.5271
Maine, Age 55+ 6,000 2,000 34.2 8.4 99,000 8,000 19.7 1.5 1.7421
Maryland, Age 55+ 22,000 4,000 26.8 4.1 273,000 14,000 15.2 0.8 1.7581
Massachusetts, Age 55+ 31,000 5,000 38.4 4.1 388,000 16,000 18.2 0.8 2.1081
Michigan, Age 55+ 54,000 7,000 40.2 3.5 707,000 23,000 22.8 0.8 1.7671
Minnesota, Age 55+ 17,000 4,000 33.4 6.1 301,000 15,000 18.1 0.9 1.8471
Mississippi, Age 55+ 36,000 5,000 52.4 4.7 278,000 11,000 34.7 1.3 1.5111
Missouri, Age 55+ 36,000 4,000 40.1 3.8 431,000 14,000 23.9 0.8 1.6761
Montana, Age 55+ 6,000 2,000 37.4 9.9 62,000 7,000 17.8 1.8 2.1031
Nebraska, Age 55+ 7,000 2,000 32.5 7.3 130,000 9,000 24.1 1.6 1.3531
Nevada, Age 55+ 16,000 4,000 28.2 5.2 168,000 12,000 18.4 1.3 1.5271
New Hampshire, Age 55+ 6,000 2,000 28.5 7.1 64,000 6,000 13.4 1.3 2.1261
New Jersey, Age 55+ 36,000 6,000 30.4 3.5 475,000 19,000 17.2 0.7 1.7691
New Mexico, Age 55+ 20,000 4,000 41.9 5.8 151,000 9,000 24.1 1.3 1.7361
New York, Age 55+ 123,000 10,000 42.1 2.6 1,259,000 26,000 21.6 0.5 1.9501
North Carolina, Age 55+ 66,000 7,000 39.8 3.0 662,000 20,000 21.2 0.6 1.8781
North Dakota, Age 55+ 3,000 1,000 31.1 10.4 50,000 6,000 23.7 2.7 1.309
Ohio, Age 55+ 61,000 6,000 38.3 3.3 827,000 22,000 23.6 0.6 1.6241
Oklahoma, Age 55+ 32,000 4,000 40.6 4.2 280,000 11,000 26.6 1.1 1.5251
Oregon, Age 55+ 14,000 3,000 25.3 3.8 209,000 12,000 16.7 0.9 1.5191
Pennsylvania, Age 55+ 72,000 7,000 38.8 3.2 926,000 22,000 22.8 0.5 1.7011
Rhode Island, Age 55+ 5,000 2,000 38.4 9.0 75,000 7,000 21.8 1.9 1.7621
South Carolina, Age 55+ 34,000 5,000 38.6 3.7 375,000 13,000 22.6 0.8 1.7101
South Dakota, Age 55+ 4,000 2,000 39.0 12.6 58,000 7,000 22.1 2.7 1.7591
Tennessee, Age 55+ 46,000 5,000 39.1 3.3 524,000 18,000 25.9 1.0 1.5091
Texas, Age 55+ 178,000 10,000 38.6 1.8 1,520,000 31,000 21.4 0.5 1.8051
Utah, Age 55+ 5,000 1,000 17.8 4.4 97,000 10,000 13.7 1.3 1.302
Vermont, Age 55+ 3,000 2,100 26.5 15.6 36,000 5,000 16.0 2.2 1.658
Virginia, Age 55+ 44,000 5,000 37.9 3.2 464,000 17,000 18.8 0.7 2.0201
Washington, Age 55+ 24,000 4,000 24.6 3.4 314,000 16,000 14.6 0.7 1.6851
West Virginia, Age 55+ 19,000 4,000 46.9 5.6 178,000 11,000 31.5 1.8 1.4891
Wisconsin, Age 55+ 21,000 5,000 31.6 5.1 395,000 17,000 21.4 0.9 1.4741
Wyoming, Age 55+ 4,000 2,000 41.6 12.8 39,000 5,000 22.4 2.8 1.8591
Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample, (2024), which is subject to sampling variability. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. The relative ratio is the ratio of the percentage of people with vision disability in a home environment that lacks a computer over the percentage of people without vision disability in a home environment that lacks a computer. Therefore, a relative ratio further from 1.000 indicates a greater disparity in a home environment that lacks a computer percentage.
*Estimate either unavailable or too few sample observations.
Citation: Thomas, N., Kingsbury, S., Lansing, J., & Houtenville, A. (Eds.) (2026). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2026 (Table B.12). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.
1 Relative ratio is statistically different than 1.0 with 95% confidence.

Table B.13 Technology Access - Civilians with and without Vision Disabilities Ages 55+ in a Home Environment that Lacks a Smartphone or Tablet for the United States and States: 2024

Table B.13 Technology Access - Civilians with and without Vision Disabilities Ages 55+ in a Home Environment that Lacks a Smartphone or Tablet for the United States and States: 2024
State
In a Home Environment that Lacks Smartphone or Tablet - Vision Dis.
In a Home Environment that Lacks Smartphone or Tablet - No Vision Dis.
Relative Ratio
# ME# % ME% # ME# % ME%
U.S., Age 55+ 708,000 19,000 14.6 0.4 7,277,000 62,000 7.6 0.1 1.9211
Alabama, Age 55+ 14,000 3,000 15.7 3.0 131,000 8,000 8.9 0.6 1.7531
Alaska, Age 55+ 400 400 4.6 4.2 9,000 3,000 5.1 1.8 0.910
Arizona, Age 55+ 14,000 3,000 11.7 2.1 140,000 10,000 6.3 0.5 1.8371
Arkansas, Age 55+ 9,000 2,000 15.4 3.5 82,000 8,000 9.6 0.8 1.6071
California, Age 55+ 53,000 6,000 10.3 1.1 563,000 20,000 5.4 0.2 1.9061
Colorado, Age 55+ 7,000 2,000 10.0 2.8 90,000 9,000 5.8 0.6 1.7231
Connecticut, Age 55+ 8,000 3,000 18.2 5.3 90,000 9,000 7.9 0.8 2.3021
Delaware, Age 55+ 2,000 1,000 14.5 5.6 24,000 4,000 6.9 1.2 2.0881
District of Columbia, Age 55+ 1,000 1,000 14.9 13.6 11,000 4,000 8.0 2.7 1.854
Florida, Age 55+ 44,000 6,000 11.6 1.4 421,000 19,000 5.5 0.3 2.0861
Georgia, Age 55+ 23,000 4,000 14.0 2.1 196,000 10,000 6.8 0.4 2.0641
Hawaii, Age 55+ 2,000 1,100 9.6 4.5 30,000 5,000 6.5 1.1 1.470
Idaho, Age 55+ 2,000 1,000 8.3 4.0 42,000 6,000 7.7 1.1 1.073
Illinois, Age 55+ 26,000 4,000 15.9 1.9 297,000 15,000 8.3 0.4 1.9121
Indiana, Age 55+ 14,000 3,000 14.9 2.6 174,000 11,000 9.2 0.6 1.6271
Iowa, Age 55+ 9,000 3,000 22.6 6.9 81,000 8,000 8.7 0.8 2.6031
Kansas, Age 55+ 5,000 1,000 13.6 3.5 65,000 6,000 8.1 0.7 1.6901
Kentucky, Age 55+ 16,000 3,000 18.4 3.0 136,000 8,000 10.6 0.6 1.7301
Louisiana, Age 55+ 12,000 3,000 14.6 2.9 121,000 9,000 9.7 0.7 1.5081
Maine, Age 55+ 3,000 1,000 15.8 6.1 45,000 6,000 8.9 1.2 1.7691
Maryland, Age 55+ 11,000 3,000 13.1 3.1 125,000 9,000 7.0 0.5 1.8731
Massachusetts, Age 55+ 15,000 3,000 18.7 3.1 168,000 11,000 7.9 0.5 2.3701
Michigan, Age 55+ 19,000 3,000 14.2 2.1 257,000 14,000 8.3 0.4 1.7181
Minnesota, Age 55+ 8,000 2,000 16.0 4.1 129,000 10,000 7.8 0.6 2.0591
Mississippi, Age 55+ 8,000 2,000 12.1 2.6 82,000 7,000 10.2 0.9 1.188
Missouri, Age 55+ 14,000 3,000 15.9 2.9 162,000 9,000 9.0 0.5 1.7771
Montana, Age 55+ 4,000 2,000 21.3 9.1 32,000 5,000 9.2 1.3 2.3221
Nebraska, Age 55+ 4,000 2,000 17.5 6.9 55,000 6,000 10.2 1.1 1.713
Nevada, Age 55+ 5,000 2,000 9.3 3.0 52,000 5,000 5.7 0.6 1.6321
New Hampshire, Age 55+ 3,000 2,000 14.8 5.9 34,000 6,000 7.2 1.1 2.0661
New Jersey, Age 55+ 17,000 3,000 14.3 2.7 193,000 11,000 7.0 0.4 2.0451
New Mexico, Age 55+ 9,000 3,000 18.3 4.5 59,000 6,000 9.4 1.1 1.9401
New York, Age 55+ 53,000 6,000 18.1 1.9 496,000 17,000 8.5 0.3 2.1231
North Carolina, Age 55+ 29,000 4,000 17.3 2.3 259,000 14,000 8.3 0.4 2.0861
North Dakota, Age 55+ 1,000 1,000 13.2 8.6 25,000 5,000 12.1 2.2 1.093
Ohio, Age 55+ 28,000 4,000 17.6 2.5 337,000 15,000 9.6 0.4 1.8301
Oklahoma, Age 55+ 12,000 2,000 14.7 2.5 89,000 8,000 8.5 0.8 1.7231
Oregon, Age 55+ 7,000 2,000 13.0 3.4 88,000 8,000 7.0 0.7 1.8591
Pennsylvania, Age 55+ 39,000 6,000 21.0 2.9 414,000 17,000 10.2 0.4 2.0541
Rhode Island, Age 55+ 3,000 2,000 25.4 8.9 30,000 5,000 8.8 1.2 2.8731
South Carolina, Age 55+ 15,000 3,000 17.0 2.8 131,000 9,000 7.9 0.5 2.1591
South Dakota, Age 55+ 2,000 1,000 21.8 7.9 26,000 4,000 9.8 1.4 2.2241
Tennessee, Age 55+ 19,000 3,000 16.4 2.4 175,000 11,000 8.7 0.6 1.8901
Texas, Age 55+ 58,000 6,000 12.6 1.3 459,000 17,000 6.5 0.3 1.9521
Utah, Age 55+ 2,000 1,000 8.3 3.5 33,000 6,000 4.7 0.8 1.760
Vermont, Age 55+ 2,000 1,000 25.0 11.3 23,000 4,000 10.4 1.6 2.409
Virginia, Age 55+ 22,000 4,000 18.6 3.1 196,000 11,000 7.9 0.5 2.3521
Washington, Age 55+ 14,000 4,000 13.7 3.1 125,000 8,000 5.8 0.4 2.3511
West Virginia, Age 55+ 9,000 3,000 21.1 5.0 74,000 6,000 13.1 1.1 1.6091
Wisconsin, Age 55+ 9,000 3,000 13.9 3.5 182,000 11,000 9.9 0.6 1.4021
Wyoming, Age 55+ 1,000 1,000 15.2 9.2 17,000 3,000 9.9 1.7 1.543
Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample, (2024), which is subject to sampling variability. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. The relative ratio is the ratio of the percentage of people with vision disability in a home environment that lacks a smartphone or tablet over the percentage of people without vision disability in a home environment that lacks a smartphone or tablet. Therefore, a relative ratio further from 1.000 indicates a greater disparity in a home environment that lacks a smartphone or tablet percentage.
*Estimate either unavailable or too few sample observations.
Citation: Thomas, N., Kingsbury, S., Lansing, J., & Houtenville, A. (Eds.) (2026). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2026 (Table B.13). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.
1 Relative ratio is statistically different than 1.0 with 95% confidence.

Table B.14 Education - Civilians with Vision Disabilities compared to those with Other Disabilities Ages 55+ with a 4-Year College Degree or Greater for the United States and States: 2024

Table B.14 Education - Civilians with Vision Disabilities compared to those with Other Disabilities Ages 55+ with a 4-Year College Degree or Greater for the United States and States: 2024
State
Edu. Level - Vision Disability
Edu. Level - Other Disability
Relative Ratio
# ME# % ME% # ME# % ME%
U.S., Age 55+ 1,026,000 23,000 19.7 0.4 5,156,000 42,000 22.4 0.2 0.8781
Alabama, Age 55+ 14,000 2,000 14.2 2.1 81,000 6,000 19.3 1.3 0.7351
Alaska, Age 55+ 2,000 1,300 15.9 9.0 12,000 3,000 24.3 5.4 0.6521
Arizona, Age 55+ 28,000 3,000 21.5 2.3 128,000 7,000 24.6 1.3 0.8751
Arkansas, Age 55+ 10,000 2,000 16.2 3.1 42,000 4,000 15.7 1.4 1.029
California, Age 55+ 111,000 7,000 20.3 1.1 590,000 17,000 24.8 0.6 0.8181
Colorado, Age 55+ 21,000 3,000 28.8 3.5 101,000 7,000 30.3 1.6 0.949
Connecticut, Age 55+ 12,000 3,000 25.1 4.7 57,000 5,000 24.8 1.5 1.010
Delaware, Age 55+ 3,000 2,000 16.2 7.7 18,000 3,000 22.8 3.3 0.7101
District of Columbia, Age 55+ 3,000 2,000 35.5 12.9 12,000 2,000 34.5 5.4 1.029
Florida, Age 55+ 94,000 7,000 22.7 1.5 452,000 17,000 26.1 0.8 0.8711
Georgia, Age 55+ 33,000 4,000 19.1 1.9 147,000 9,000 21.8 1.1 0.8761
Hawaii, Age 55+ 5,000 1,000 26.1 6.5 30,000 4,000 28.3 3.7 0.921
Idaho, Age 55+ 5,000 2,000 19.4 5.1 31,000 4,000 23.2 2.7 0.836
Illinois, Age 55+ 35,000 4,000 19.5 2.0 185,000 11,000 22.4 1.2 0.8711
Indiana, Age 55+ 16,000 3,000 15.4 2.6 85,000 6,000 17.3 1.1 0.895
Iowa, Age 55+ 7,000 2,000 17.0 4.4 41,000 5,000 18.4 1.9 0.925
Kansas, Age 55+ 10,000 2,000 24.1 4.6 47,000 5,000 22.5 2.1 1.072
Kentucky, Age 55+ 12,000 2,000 13.0 2.6 57,000 5,000 14.5 1.1 0.897
Louisiana, Age 55+ 13,000 3,000 13.9 2.6 58,000 5,000 16.5 1.3 0.8411
Maine, Age 55+ 4,000 2,000 18.3 6.0 32,000 4,000 25.2 3.2 0.7261
Maryland, Age 55+ 22,000 4,000 25.1 3.4 112,000 8,000 29.3 1.7 0.8551
Massachusetts, Age 55+ 22,000 3,000 23.9 2.9 125,000 7,000 27.1 1.4 0.8791
Michigan, Age 55+ 27,000 5,000 19.0 3.0 143,000 8,000 19.0 1.0 1.002
Minnesota, Age 55+ 11,000 3,000 18.6 4.3 84,000 8,000 22.7 1.8 0.8211
Mississippi, Age 55+ 9,000 2,000 12.8 2.5 42,000 4,000 16.8 1.7 0.7611
Missouri, Age 55+ 19,000 4,000 20.4 3.5 89,000 6,000 18.1 1.3 1.128
Montana, Age 55+ 5,000 3,000 26.9 11.0 23,000 4,000 25.1 3.7 1.072
Nebraska, Age 55+ 5,000 2,000 22.9 7.0 27,000 4,000 20.6 2.6 1.111
Nevada, Age 55+ 12,000 3,000 20.8 4.0 46,000 5,000 20.6 1.8 1.010
New Hampshire, Age 55+ 6,000 2,000 24.3 6.8 29,000 4,000 27.0 2.6 0.901
New Jersey, Age 55+ 27,000 3,000 21.2 2.5 141,000 9,000 25.6 1.4 0.8301
New Mexico, Age 55+ 10,000 3,000 20.7 4.7 46,000 5,000 25.0 2.4 0.8261
New York, Age 55+ 67,000 6,000 21.2 1.6 313,000 13,000 22.4 0.7 0.944
North Carolina, Age 55+ 36,000 4,000 20.5 2.0 164,000 7,000 22.0 1.0 0.934
North Dakota, Age 55+ 3,000 2,000 23.8 9.8 11,000 3,000 21.0 4.9 1.133
Ohio, Age 55+ 28,000 4,000 15.8 2.2 152,000 9,000 17.3 0.9 0.912
Oklahoma, Age 55+ 16,000 3,000 19.4 3.3 68,000 7,000 21.4 2.0 0.904
Oregon, Age 55+ 14,000 3,000 22.4 3.9 83,000 7,000 24.7 1.7 0.904
Pennsylvania, Age 55+ 36,000 5,000 17.9 2.2 186,000 10,000 18.9 1.1 0.948
Rhode Island, Age 55+ 3,000 1,000 19.5 6.9 20,000 3,000 23.7 3.1 0.820
South Carolina, Age 55+ 16,000 3,000 17.6 2.9 88,000 6,000 21.2 1.4 0.8281
South Dakota, Age 55+ 2,000 1,000 15.8 6.7 14,000 2,000 21.2 3.3 0.7441
Tennessee, Age 55+ 21,000 3,000 16.3 2.5 104,000 7,000 19.6 1.3 0.8341
Texas, Age 55+ 85,000 7,000 17.4 1.2 389,000 14,000 22.4 0.7 0.7751
Utah, Age 55+ 8,000 2,000 25.7 4.8 40,000 4,000 26.6 2.6 0.966
Vermont, Age 55+ 4,000 2,000 35.7 11.8 14,000 3,000 28.8 4.8 1.242
Virginia, Age 55+ 26,000 4,000 20.9 2.5 143,000 9,000 25.4 1.2 0.8231
Washington, Age 55+ 24,000 4,000 22.4 2.8 139,000 8,000 26.8 1.3 0.8361
West Virginia, Age 55+ 6,000 2,000 14.1 4.3 24,000 3,000 14.0 1.8 1.006
Wisconsin, Age 55+ 15,000 3,000 20.7 3.6 82,000 6,000 20.8 1.4 0.996
Wyoming, Age 55+ 2,000 1,100 17.7 7.9 12,000 3,000 26.3 5.1 0.6731
Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample, (2024), which is subject to sampling variability. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. The relative ratio is the ratio of the percentage of people with vision disability with a 4-year college degree or greater over the percentage of people with a disability but without a vision disability with a 4-year collect degree or greater. Therefore, a relative ratio further from 1.000 indicates a greater disparity in educational attainment when compared to other people with disabilities.
Citation: Thomas, N., Kingsbury, S., Lansing, J., & Houtenville, A. (Eds.) (2026). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2026 (Table B.14). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.
1 Relative ratio is statistically different than 1.0 with 95% confidence.

Table B.15 Education - Civilians with and without Vision Disabilities Ages 55+ with a 4-Year College Degree or Greater for the United States and States: 2024

Table B.15 Education - Civilians with and without Vision Disabilities Ages 55+ with a 4-Year College Degree or Greater for the United States and States: 2024
State
Edu. Level - Vision Disability
Edu. Level - No Disability
Relative Ratio
# ME# % ME% # ME# % ME%
U.S., Age 55+ 1,026,000 23,000 19.7 0.4 32,144,000 98,000 32.9 0.1 0.5981
Alabama, Age 55+ 14,000 2,000 14.2 2.1 417,000 12,000 27.7 0.8 0.5101
Alaska, Age 55+ 2,000 1,300 15.9 9.0 58,000 7,000 32.2 3.6 0.4931
Arizona, Age 55+ 28,000 3,000 21.5 2.3 760,000 16,000 33.9 0.8 0.6361
Arkansas, Age 55+ 10,000 2,000 16.2 3.1 210,000 10,000 24.1 1.1 0.6701
California, Age 55+ 111,000 7,000 20.3 1.1 3,678,000 32,000 34.5 0.3 0.5881
Colorado, Age 55+ 21,000 3,000 28.8 3.5 684,000 12,000 43.4 0.8 0.6631
Connecticut, Age 55+ 12,000 3,000 25.1 4.7 459,000 12,000 39.4 1.0 0.6371
Delaware, Age 55+ 3,000 2,000 16.2 7.7 120,000 8,000 34.0 2.0 0.4751
District of Columbia, Age 55+ 3,000 2,000 35.5 12.9 76,000 5,000 52.0 2.7 0.6831
Florida, Age 55+ 94,000 7,000 22.7 1.5 2,651,000 29,000 34.3 0.4 0.6631
Georgia, Age 55+ 33,000 4,000 19.1 1.9 970,000 18,000 33.0 0.6 0.5781
Hawaii, Age 55+ 5,000 1,000 26.1 6.5 170,000 9,000 36.4 1.9 0.7161
Idaho, Age 55+ 5,000 2,000 19.4 5.1 173,000 8,000 31.2 1.4 0.6211
Illinois, Age 55+ 35,000 4,000 19.5 2.0 1,204,000 20,000 32.9 0.6 0.5931
Indiana, Age 55+ 16,000 3,000 15.4 2.6 516,000 15,000 26.5 0.8 0.5821
Iowa, Age 55+ 7,000 2,000 17.0 4.4 255,000 13,000 26.7 1.3 0.6361
Kansas, Age 55+ 10,000 2,000 24.1 4.6 275,000 10,000 33.0 1.2 0.7301
Kentucky, Age 55+ 12,000 2,000 13.0 2.6 313,000 10,000 23.9 0.7 0.5451
Louisiana, Age 55+ 13,000 3,000 13.9 2.6 328,000 13,000 25.7 1.0 0.5411
Maine, Age 55+ 4,000 2,000 18.3 6.0 176,000 9,000 34.2 1.7 0.5351
Maryland, Age 55+ 22,000 4,000 25.1 3.4 749,000 14,000 41.1 0.8 0.6111
Massachusetts, Age 55+ 22,000 3,000 23.9 2.9 916,000 17,000 42.0 0.8 0.5671
Michigan, Age 55+ 27,000 5,000 19.0 3.0 919,000 19,000 29.0 0.6 0.6551
Minnesota, Age 55+ 11,000 3,000 18.6 4.3 593,000 20,000 34.7 1.1 0.5371
Mississippi, Age 55+ 9,000 2,000 12.8 2.5 202,000 9,000 24.6 1.1 0.5191
Missouri, Age 55+ 19,000 4,000 20.4 3.5 535,000 15,000 28.9 0.8 0.7041
Montana, Age 55+ 5,000 3,000 26.9 11.0 126,000 8,000 35.3 2.0 0.7611
Nebraska, Age 55+ 5,000 2,000 22.9 7.0 162,000 9,000 29.2 1.5 0.7831
Nevada, Age 55+ 12,000 3,000 20.8 4.0 261,000 9,000 28.4 1.0 0.7301
New Hampshire, Age 55+ 6,000 2,000 24.3 6.8 188,000 8,000 38.4 1.6 0.6331
New Jersey, Age 55+ 27,000 3,000 21.2 2.5 1,074,000 20,000 38.0 0.7 0.5581
New Mexico, Age 55+ 10,000 3,000 20.7 4.7 220,000 9,000 34.7 1.4 0.5971
New York, Age 55+ 67,000 6,000 21.2 1.6 2,050,000 31,000 34.1 0.5 0.6201
North Carolina, Age 55+ 36,000 4,000 20.5 2.0 1,074,000 17,000 33.8 0.6 0.6071
North Dakota, Age 55+ 3,000 2,000 23.8 9.8 65,000 6,000 29.9 2.5 0.796
Ohio, Age 55+ 28,000 4,000 15.8 2.2 998,000 23,000 27.8 0.7 0.5691
Oklahoma, Age 55+ 16,000 3,000 19.4 3.3 311,000 13,000 28.9 1.1 0.6701
Oregon, Age 55+ 14,000 3,000 22.4 3.9 449,000 13,000 34.8 1.0 0.6421
Pennsylvania, Age 55+ 36,000 5,000 17.9 2.2 1,239,000 22,000 29.7 0.6 0.6011
Rhode Island, Age 55+ 3,000 1,000 19.5 6.9 127,000 6,000 35.8 1.7 0.5441
South Carolina, Age 55+ 16,000 3,000 17.6 2.9 529,000 14,000 31.3 0.8 0.5621
South Dakota, Age 55+ 2,000 1,000 15.8 6.7 77,000 6,000 28.4 2.1 0.5551
Tennessee, Age 55+ 21,000 3,000 16.3 2.5 585,000 15,000 28.4 0.7 0.5741
Texas, Age 55+ 85,000 7,000 17.4 1.2 2,329,000 34,000 32.1 0.5 0.5401
Utah, Age 55+ 8,000 2,000 25.7 4.8 253,000 9,000 35.3 1.2 0.7281
Vermont, Age 55+ 4,000 2,000 35.7 11.8 96,000 6,000 42.0 2.6 0.850
Virginia, Age 55+ 26,000 4,000 20.9 2.5 972,000 18,000 38.6 0.7 0.5411
Washington, Age 55+ 24,000 4,000 22.4 2.8 822,000 17,000 37.6 0.8 0.5961
West Virginia, Age 55+ 6,000 2,000 14.1 4.3 128,000 8,000 22.2 1.3 0.6351
Wisconsin, Age 55+ 15,000 3,000 20.7 3.6 550,000 15,000 29.2 0.8 0.7111
Wyoming, Age 55+ 2,000 1,100 17.7 7.9 52,000 5,000 29.5 2.4 0.6001
Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample, (2024), which is subject to sampling variability. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. The relative ratio is the ratio of the percentage of people with vision disability with a 4-year college degree or greater over the percentage of people without vision disability with a 4-year collect degree or greater. Therefore, a relative ratio further from 1.000 indicates a greater disparity in educational attainment.
Citation: Thomas, N., Kingsbury, S., Lansing, J., & Houtenville, A. (Eds.) (2026). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2026 (Table B.15). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.
1 Relative ratio is statistically different than 1.0 with 95% confidence.

Table B.16 - Civilians with and without Vision Disabilities Ages 55+ In a Home Environment with Fewer Vehicles than Adults for the United States and States: 2024

Table B.16 - Civilians with and without Vision Disabilities Ages 55+ In a Home Environment with Fewer Vehicles than Adults for the United States and States: 2024
State
Limited Access to a Vehicle - Vision Dis.
Limited Access to a Vehicle - No Vision Dis.
Relative Ratio
# ME# % ME% # ME# % ME%
U.S., Age 55+ 1,904,000 31,000 36.5 0.4 23,951,000 115,000 24.5 0.1 1.4881
Alabama, Age 55+ 30,000 5,000 31.4 3.4 257,000 11,000 17.1 0.7 1.8391
Alaska, Age 55+ 4,000 2,000 37.5 13.6 40,000 6,000 21.8 3.4 1.718
Arizona, Age 55+ 46,000 5,000 35.5 3.1 609,000 18,000 27.2 0.8 1.3061
Arkansas, Age 55+ 18,000 4,000 28.7 4.1 164,000 12,000 18.8 1.2 1.5311
California, Age 55+ 252,000 11,000 45.9 1.6 3,399,000 37,000 31.9 0.4 1.4381
Colorado, Age 55+ 23,000 4,000 31.2 4.5 290,000 12,000 18.4 0.8 1.6921
Connecticut, Age 55+ 16,000 4,000 33.1 6.0 269,000 12,000 23.1 1.0 1.4341
Delaware, Age 55+ 6,000 2,000 37.3 8.8 72,000 7,000 20.4 1.9 1.8291
District of Columbia, Age 55+ 3,000 2,000 35.6 13.7 50,000 5,000 34.7 3.3 1.026
Florida, Age 55+ 185,000 9,000 44.5 1.6 2,569,000 36,000 33.2 0.5 1.3401
Georgia, Age 55+ 61,000 6,000 35.7 2.9 651,000 17,000 22.2 0.6 1.6101
Hawaii, Age 55+ 7,000 2,000 37.3 8.1 177,000 9,000 37.9 1.9 0.983
Idaho, Age 55+ 8,000 2,000 29.5 5.1 91,000 9,000 16.3 1.5 1.8061
Illinois, Age 55+ 73,000 7,000 40.8 2.9 965,000 22,000 26.4 0.6 1.5471
Indiana, Age 55+ 33,000 5,000 32.2 3.5 360,000 15,000 18.5 0.7 1.7401
Iowa, Age 55+ 10,000 2,000 25.0 4.8 146,000 9,000 15.2 0.9 1.6441
Kansas, Age 55+ 10,000 2,000 25.2 4.5 129,000 10,000 15.4 1.2 1.6321
Kentucky, Age 55+ 25,000 4,000 27.4 3.2 240,000 12,000 18.3 0.9 1.4961
Louisiana, Age 55+ 29,000 5,000 32.2 4.4 279,000 13,000 21.8 1.0 1.4771
Maine, Age 55+ 6,000 2,000 31.0 7.1 102,000 8,000 19.8 1.5 1.5661
Maryland, Age 55+ 35,000 4,000 39.3 3.7 443,000 16,000 24.3 0.9 1.6161
Massachusetts, Age 55+ 44,000 5,000 46.9 3.6 583,000 18,000 26.8 0.8 1.7511
Michigan, Age 55+ 47,000 6,000 32.8 3.2 722,000 22,000 22.8 0.7 1.4371
Minnesota, Age 55+ 21,000 4,000 37.2 4.6 301,000 16,000 17.6 1.0 2.1121
Mississippi, Age 55+ 21,000 4,000 29.1 3.9 153,000 9,000 18.7 1.0 1.5601
Missouri, Age 55+ 27,000 4,000 28.1 3.8 331,000 15,000 17.9 0.8 1.5701
Montana, Age 55+ 6,000 3,000 33.5 11.2 47,000 5,000 13.2 1.4 2.5321
Nebraska, Age 55+ 5,000 2,000 22.7 6.2 84,000 8,000 15.2 1.5 1.4921
Nevada, Age 55+ 21,000 4,000 36.3 4.5 287,000 13,000 31.3 1.3 1.1591
New Hampshire, Age 55+ 10,000 3,000 40.7 8.9 88,000 8,000 18.0 1.6 2.2641
New Jersey, Age 55+ 55,000 6,000 42.9 3.5 859,000 21,000 30.4 0.8 1.4111
New Mexico, Age 55+ 14,000 3,000 27.7 5.1 129,000 10,000 20.3 1.6 1.3631
New York, Age 55+ 111,000 8,000 35.1 2.1 1,954,000 33,000 32.5 0.5 1.0781
North Carolina, Age 55+ 52,000 6,000 29.3 2.2 582,000 22,000 18.3 0.7 1.5971
North Dakota, Age 55+ 3,000 1,000 29.0 10.1 29,000 5,000 13.5 2.2 2.1521
Ohio, Age 55+ 60,000 6,000 34.6 2.7 670,000 20,000 18.6 0.6 1.8541
Oklahoma, Age 55+ 28,000 4,000 33.4 3.5 211,000 14,000 19.6 1.3 1.6981
Oregon, Age 55+ 24,000 4,000 39.0 4.7 291,000 14,000 22.6 1.0 1.7251
Pennsylvania, Age 55+ 76,000 6,000 37.2 2.6 990,000 27,000 23.8 0.7 1.5661
Rhode Island, Age 55+ 6,000 2,000 39.2 9.8 91,000 7,000 25.6 2.0 1.5341
South Carolina, Age 55+ 24,000 4,000 25.9 3.8 336,000 14,000 19.9 0.8 1.3031
South Dakota, Age 55+ 5,000 2,000 34.6 8.0 41,000 5,000 15.1 1.9 2.2851
Tennessee, Age 55+ 43,000 6,000 33.9 3.2 371,000 16,000 18.1 0.8 1.8771
Texas, Age 55+ 185,000 11,000 37.7 1.7 1,853,000 30,000 25.6 0.4 1.4741
Utah, Age 55+ 11,000 3,000 36.0 5.4 147,000 9,000 20.6 1.2 1.7471
Vermont, Age 55+ 4,000 2,000 35.9 11.2 47,000 6,000 20.5 2.5 1.7481
Virginia, Age 55+ 40,000 6,000 32.8 3.9 531,000 17,000 21.1 0.6 1.5541
Washington, Age 55+ 36,000 4,000 33.7 2.9 456,000 16,000 20.9 0.7 1.6151
West Virginia, Age 55+ 13,000 4,000 30.6 6.8 120,000 9,000 20.8 1.5 1.4721
Wisconsin, Age 55+ 27,000 4,000 37.0 4.6 325,000 18,000 17.2 1.0 2.1501
Wyoming, Age 55+ 2,000 1,200 22.3 12.5 19,000 3,000 10.5 1.7 2.129
Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample, (2024), which is subject to sampling variability. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. The relative ratio is the ratio of the percentage of people with vision disability in a home environment with fewer vehicles than adults over the percentage of people without vision disability living in a home henvironment with fewer vehicles than adults. Therefore, a relative ratio further from 1.000 indicates a greater disparity in percentage with access to a vehicle.
*Estimate either unavailable or too few sample observations.
Citation: Thomas, N., Kingsbury, S., Lansing, J., & Houtenville, A. (2026). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2026 (Table B.16). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.
1 Relative ratio is statistically different than 1.0 with 95% confidence.

Table B.17 Group Home Residence - Civilians with Disability, Comparing those with and without Vision Disabilities Ages 55+ Estimated Risk of Group Home Residence for the United States and States: 2024

Table B.17a Group Home Residence - Civilians with Disability, Comparing those with and without Vision Disabilities Ages 55+ Estimated Risk of Group Home Residence for the United States and States: 2024
Demographic
With Vision Disability
Without Vision Disability
Relative Ratio
% ME% % ME% Estimate one-sided 95% LCI one-sided 95% UCI P-value
Total Population 55+ 5.66 0.17 1.56 0.02 3.633 3.238 4.075 0.00
Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample, (2024), which is subject to sampling variability. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. The relative ratio is the ratio of the percentage of people with vision disability living in a group home over the percentage of people without vision disability living in a group home Therefore, a relative ratio further from 1.000 indicates a greater disparity in group home residence percentage.
Citation: Thomas, N., Kingsbury, S., Lansing, J., & Houtenville, A. (2026). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2026 (Table B.17). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.
Table B.17b Group Home Residence - Civilians with Disability, Comparing those with and without Vision Disabilities Ages 55+ Estimated Risk of Group Home Residence for the United States and States: 2024
Demographic
With Vision Disability
With Other Disability
Relative Ratio
% ME% % ME% Estimate one-sided 95% LCI one-sided 95% UCI P-value
Population with Disabilites 55+ 5.66 0.17 5.62 0.08 1.008 0.976 1.041 0.64
Non-metropolitan 6.91 0.37 6.43 0.17 1.0761 1.010 1.145 0.02
Metropolitan 5.24 0.18 5.35 0.09 0.9791 0.943 1.017 0.27
Education: Less than High School 5.70 0.37 6.17 0.21 0.9241 0.865 0.987 0.02
Education: High School or Greater 5.65 0.18 5.51 0.08 1.0251 0.988 1.064 0.19
Education: Less than Some College 6.58 0.24 6.87 0.13 0.9571 0.921 0.996 0.03
Education: Some College or Greater 4.58 0.22 4.38 0.10 1.0451 0.989 1.103 0.12
Education: Less than College Degree 5.89 0.19 6.02 0.09 0.9781 0.945 1.013 0.21
Education: College Degree or Greater 4.72 0.34 4.22 0.14 1.1201 1.026 1.222 0.01
Education: Less than Graduate Degree 5.80 0.18 5.83 0.08 0.9951 0.963 1.028 0.76
Education: Graduate Degree or Greater 4.03 0.50 3.50 0.21 1.1521 0.988 1.342 0.07
Not Hispanic 6.15 0.19 5.87 0.09 1.0461 1.010 1.084 0.01
Hispanic 2.98 0.30 3.53 0.19 0.8421 0.766 0.926 0.00
Not Non-Hispanic White 4.29 0.23 5.06 0.14 0.8461 0.805 0.890 0.00
Non-Hispanic White 6.51 0.23 5.86 0.09 1.1111 1.065 1.159 0.00
Non-Hispanic Black 5.97 0.46 7.67 0.27 0.7781 0.730 0.830 0.00
Not Non-Hispanic Black 5.61 0.18 5.35 0.08 1.0491 1.011 1.088 0.01
Not Non-Hispanic Asian 5.79 0.17 5.75 0.08 1.006 0.974 1.039 0.73
Non-Hispanic Asian 2.79 0.61 2.50 0.25 1.117 0.864 1.443 0.40
Male 5.48 0.24 5.29 0.11 1.036 0.985 1.090 0.17
Female 5.81 0.22 5.90 0.11 0.984 0.944 1.026 0.46
No Health Insurance Coverage 12.99 1.35 10.49 0.73 1.2391 1.063 1.444 0.01
With Health Insurance Coverage 5.39 0.16 5.51 0.08 0.9781 0.946 1.010 0.18
Not Married 8.31 0.26 8.56 0.13 0.971 0.938 1.005 0.09
Married 1.99 0.15 2.24 0.07 0.888 0.826 0.955 0.00
Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample, (2024), which is subject to sampling variability. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. The relative ratio is the ratio of the percentage of people with vision disability living in a group home over the percentage of people without vision disability living in a group home Therefore, a relative ratio further from 1.000 indicates a greater disparity in group home residence percentage.
Citation: Thomas, N., Kingsbury, S., Lansing, J., & Houtenville, A. (2026). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2026 (Table B.17). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.
1 Interaction between vision difficulty and applicable group categories is statistically significant with 95% confidence.

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