This section presents statistics on the home environment for people with and without disabilities in the United States. The home environment includes factors such as housing quality, age of home (i.e., year built), and housing type (i.e., house, apartment, mobile home, etc.) More specifically, the housing quality features presented here include: lacking a complete kitchen, lacking complete plumbing, overcrowding (two or more people living in home per bedroom), and cost burden (thirty percent or more of household income spent on housing costs). The age of home statistic indicates houses built in 1990 or after (the year the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) was signed into law). Statistics for people with disabilities (disability status or disability type) are based on having responded ‘yes’ to a series of questions within the American Community Survey (go to the glossary for more details).
The poor housing environment measure presented in this section identifies people who are experiencing two or more of the four possible difficulties related to housing quality descibed above. This measure is component of the Census Bureau’s multidimensional deprivation index, which gauges poverty. It includes people who may be facing difficulties or hardships and who may not be currently income-poor. The housing quality element of deprivation captures people experiencing difficulties with physical space and security within their own home. Our estimates are based on reports on multidimensional deprivation published by researchers at the Census Bureau, including:
Glassman, Brian, ‘Multidimensional Deprivation in the United States: 2017,’ American Community Survey Reports, ACS-40, U.S. Census Bureau, Washington, DC, 2019. https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/2019/demo/acs-40.pdf
Tables
Table 7.1: In 2022, the state with the largest percentage of civilians living in the community with disabilities in a home environment that lacks a complete kitchen was Alaska/AK, with 8%. In the United States, there was a total of 223,000 civilians with disabilities in a home environment that lacks a complete kitchen, representing 1% of the civilians with disabilities living in the community. However, the percentage of civilians living in the community without disabilities in a home environment that lacks a complete kitchen was 0.5%, which corresponds to a relative ratio of 2.048 when comparing civilians with disabilites to those without. Table 7.1 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in a Home Environment that Lacks a Complete Kitchen for the United States and States: 2022
Table 7.2: In 2022, the state with the largest percentage of civilians living in the community with disabilities in a home environment that lacks complete plumbing was Alaska/AK, with 8%. In the United States, there was a total of 143,000 civilians with disabilities in a home environment that lacks complete plumbing, representing 0.7% of the civilians with disabilities living in the community. However, the percentage of civilians living in the community without disabilities in a home environment that lacks complete plumbing was 0.3%, which corresponds to a relative ratio of 2.056 when comparing civilians with disabilites to those without. Table 7.2 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in a Home Environment that Lacks Complete Plumbing for the United States and States: 2022
Table 7.3: In 2022, the state with the largest percentage of civilians living in the community with disabilities in an overcrowded home environment was Hawaii/HI, with 11%. In the United States, there was a total of 927,000 civilians with disabilities in an overcrowded home environment, representing 4.4% of the civilians with disabilities living in the community. However, the percentage of civilians living in the community without disabilities in an overcrowded home environment was 5.1%, which corresponds to a relative ratio of 0.862 when comparing civilians with disabilites to those without. Table 7.3 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in an Overcowded Home Environment for the United States and States: 2022
Table 7.4: In 2022, the state with the largest percentage of civilians living in the community with disabilities experiencing housing cost burden was the District of Columbia/DC, with 39.7%. In the United States, there was a total of 5,979,000 civilians with disabilities experiencing housing cost burden, representing 29.3% of the civilians with disabilities living in the community. However, the percentage of civilians living in the community without disabilities experiencing housing cost burden was 19%, which corresponds to a relative ratio of 1.545 when comparing civilians with disabilites to those without. Table 7.4 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community Experiencing Housing Cost Burden for the United States and States: 2022
Table 7.5: In 2022, the state with the largest percentage of civilians living in the community with disabilities experiencing poor housing quality was Alaska/AK, with 9%. In the United States, there was a total of 406,000 civilians with disabilities experiencing poor housing quality, representing 2% of the civilians with disabilities living in the community. However, the percentage of civilians living in the community without disabilities experiencing poor housing quality was 1.7%, which corresponds to a relative ratio of 1.146 when comparing civilians with disabilites to those without. Table 7.5 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community Experiencing a Poor Housing Environment for the United States and States: 2022
Table 7.6: In 2022, the state with the largest percentage of civilians living in the community with disabilities in a home built in 1990 or later was Nevada/NV, with 55.4%. In the United States, there was a total of 7,384,000 civilians with disabilities in a home built in 1990 or later, representing 34.7% of the civilians with disabilities living in the community. However, the percentage of civilians living in the community without disabilities in a home built in 1990 or later was 41.1%, which corresponds to a relative ratio of 0.846 when comparing civilians with disabilites to those without. Table 7.6 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in Housing Built in 1990 or Later for the United States and States: 2022
Table 7.7: In 2022, the state with the largest percentage of civilians living in the community with disabilities in a house (not apartments or mobile homes) was Puerto Rico/PR, with 81.8%. In the United States, there was a total of 13,848,000 civilians with disabilities in a house (not apartments or mobile homes), representing 65.1% of the civilians with disabilities living in the community. However, the percentage of civilians living in the community without disabilities in a house (not apartments or mobile homes) was 73%, which corresponds to a relative ratio of 0.892 when comparing civilians with disabilites to those without. Table 7.7 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in Houses for the United States and States: 2022
Table 7.8: In 2022, the state with the largest percentage of civilians living in the community with disabilities in an apartment (not houses or mobile homes) was the District of Columbia/DC, with 67.7%. In the United States, there was a total of 5,536,000 civilians with disabilities in an apartment (not houses or mobile homes), representing 26% of the civilians with disabilities living in the community. However, the percentage of civilians living in the community without disabilities in an apartment (not houses or mobile homes) was 22.3%, which corresponds to a relative ratio of 1.168 when comparing civilians with disabilites to those without. Table 7.8 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in Apartments for the United States and States: 2022
Table 7.9: In 2022, the state with the largest percentage of civilians living in the community with disabilities in a mobile home (not houses or apartments) was South Carolina/SC, with 22.2%. In the United States, there was a total of 1,872,000 civilians with disabilities in a mobile home (not houses or apartments), representing 8.8% of the civilians with disabilities living in the community. However, the percentage of civilians living in the community without disabilities in a mobile home (not houses or apartments) was 4.7%, which corresponds to a relative ratio of 1.893 when comparing civilians with disabilites to those without. Table 7.9 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in Mobile Homes or Other Building Types for the United States and States: 2022
Table 7.1 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in a Home Environment that Lacks a Complete Kitchen for the United States and States: 2022
Table 7.1 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in a Home Environment that Lacks a Complete Kitchen for the United States and States: 2022 | |||||||||||||
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Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample, (2022), which is subject to sampling variability. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. The relative ratio is the ratio of the percentage of people with disability in a home environment that lacks a complete kitchen over the percentage of people without disability in a home environment that lacks a complete kitchen. Therefore, a relative ratio further from 1.000 indicates a greater disparity in a home environment that lacks a complete kitchen percentage. | |||||||||||||
*estimate either unavailable or too few sample observations. | |||||||||||||
Citation: Thomas, N., Paul, S., Bach, S., & Houtenville, A. (2024). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2024 (Table 7.1). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability. |
Table 7.2 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in a Home Environment that Lacks Complete Plumbing for the United States and States: 2022
Table 7.2 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in a Home Environment that Lacks Complete Plumbing for the United States and States: 2022 | |||||||||||||
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Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample, (2022), which is subject to sampling variability. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. The relative ratio is the ratio of the percentage of people with disability in a home environment that lacks complete plumbing over the percentage of people without disability in a home environment that lacks complete plumbing. Therefore, a relative ratio further from 1.000 indicates a greater disparity in a home environment that lacks complete plumbing percentage. | |||||||||||||
*estimate either unavailable or too few sample observations. | |||||||||||||
Citation: Thomas, N., Paul, S., Bach, S., & Houtenville, A. (2024). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2024 (Table 7.2). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability. |
Table 7.3 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in an Overcowded Home Environment for the United States and States: 2022
Table 7.3 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in an Overcowded Home Environment for the United States and States: 2022 | |||||||||||||
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Arkansas |